KNOWLEDGE & RESEARCH IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2022 | Volume:22 | Issue:4 (86)|Papers Count:15

The purpose of the present study was an Instruction of psycho-educational intervention program and its effectiveness on parental stress and the improvement of mother-infant relationship. This research was in fact an accidental clinical tria that which was done in 2016. The statistical population of this study includes all mothers have a premature baby hospital of Mazandaran province, of these 40 mothers were selected by purposive sampling. And randomly divided into groups, control group and experimental group. Researcher-made Educational-psychological intervention program was twelve one-hour sessions. The tools used in this research were Parenting stress researcher made scale(2017)whose questions were selected from four scales of common parenting stress. And also a researcher made infant-mother interaction checklist(2017). It is worth mentioning that items of the checklist were selected from four checklist of common infant-mother interaction. To analyze the research data, Repeated measurement method and Multivariate analysis of variance were used. The results show that special psychological educational intervention for mothers of pre mature infants reduced the stress of parenting in mothers of premature infants and its three component such as parental disturbances, parental-infant disturbances and parental expectations (P < 0. 01). And also improved mother-infant interaction(P<0. 01). The results of follow-up tests showed that only component of sensitive behavior of mother-infant interaction has been affected(P < 0. 05). The results of the study show psychoeducational intervention program reducing child stress and improving the mother-child relationship-baby has effect. Therefore, it is recommended to use this model of programs of mothers with premature babies.

The purpose this study was to investigate the effect of early maladaptive schemas, difficulty in emotional regulation and coping styles on of gender dysphoria in subgects undergoing gender Reassignment. The research design was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all subjects with gender dysphoria who referred to Khorasan Razavi General Forensic Medicine Department during the legal stages of sex change during 2014-2016. One hundred participants were selected via convenience sampling, gave informed consent, They were asked to the questionnaires: Difficulties in Emotion Regulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), early maladaptive schema (Young, 1988), coping styles (Collins & Reed, 1990), and Gender identity disorder (Akafi, 2011). The data were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study showed that emotional deprivation, distrust, and emotional inhibition of the variable of early maladaptive schemas, Variables of limited strategies, difficulty of purposeful behavior, lack of emotional awareness, and impulse control difficulty of the variable of difficulty in emotional regulation and Emotion-focused coping styles of styles of coping with sexual dysphoria is a positive and significant relationship. Thus, the most important variables in predicting gender dysphoria were limited strategies, distrust, difficulty impulse control, and emotional deprivation (p<0/05). According to the findings of this study, the simultaneous role of cognitive and emotional factors in the occurrence of gender dysphoria in people seeking gender change is remarkable. And these variables can be used in therapeutic and educational interventions for this clinical population (p<0/05).

The purpose of this present study was to investigate the experience of the research participants after mourning the death of a family member. This study used a descriptive phenomenological research approach to collect and analyze data. This study participants consisted of 12 married or unmarried men and women with a diploma to a master's degree and in the age range of 30-50 years, who had the experience of staying in the mourning of a family member such as a child, parent, spouse or co-workers. Purposeful sampling was the selection and collection of data through in-depth interviews. The interview questions were open-ended (supplementary) with a general question: Tell us about your experience after the death of your loved one? It was starting. In the continuation of the interview, to explore the phenomenon in depth, follow-up questions such as can you explain more about this? . The participants attended in-depth interviews until data saturation was reached. Data analysis revealed 4 themes and 12 subthemes for the phenomenon, including: Psychological mechanisms with sub-themes: emotional mechanisms, behavioral mechanisms and cognitive mechanisms; Family contexts with sub-themes: lack of emotional support and family support, lack of functioning and change in family structure, lack of family transfer from mourning stages and non-functioning of family subsystems; Personal contexts with sub-themes: Interfering personality traits, the deceased's place in the phenomenal world of the individual, the impact of the individual's past experiences; Attitudes were with the sub-themes of religious or non-religious attitude and acceptance or non-acceptance of the fact of death. The findings of this study extend past literature on mourning in the family context.

The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of training the choice theory's concepts on attitudes toward marriage of those people who intended to get married, according their attachment styles. This applicable study was a quasi-experimental design with application of pre and posttest with control group. The population included all people who intended to get married and lived in Esfahan in 1396. 78 participants were selected via convenience sampling method then were divided into the three groups according their attachment styles; secure (n=30), avoidant (n=24) and anxious (n=24); after completion and scoring the Adult Attachment style Questionnaire (Hazan & Shaver, 1995). They were randomly placed into the experimental and control groups. They were asked to complete Marital Attitude Scale (MAS, Brateen & Rosen, 1998). Experimental groups received six 2_hours choice theory training sessions with Sahebi's Educational concepts. Finally all six groups received posttest. Results of multivariate covariance showed significant differences between experimental and control groups' scores among avoidant and anxious style samples in pessimistic and optimistic dimensions, respectively(P=0/05). That is; training choice theory's concepts could significantly reduce pessimistic attitude of avoidant and increase optimistic attitude of anxious sample.

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of short version of temperament and character inventory in University student. This descriptive study was a survey type. The statistical population of the study included all undergraduate students of Payame Noor University of Guilan in the academic year 1396-97, that 350 students (217 females and 133 males) were selected by multi-stage clustering sampling. The Temperament and Character Inventory (Adan & et al, 2009) and the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1989) was used for collecting the data. The coefficients obtained for the subscales through Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability showed the appropriate reliability of this instrument. Convergent validity were examined by correlating with NEO-Five Factor Inventory that results were significant. Also, based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis, The seven factors proposed in the Cloninger's model (innovation, harm avoidance, reward reward, perseverance, perseverance, self-direction, cooperation, self-avoidance) have a good fit. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the short version of TCI has a good reliability and validity in Iranian samples and it is suitable for use in research and clinical fields.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of adolescent-reasoned mindfulness and positive psychology interventions on bereavement symptoms and aggression in bereaved adolescent. This study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group and follow-up period. The statistical population in bereaved adolescent referred to the counseling clinics department of education in Shiraz in 2017-2018. 24 individuals were selected using accessibility sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental groups, adolescent-reasoned mindfulness and, positive psychology interventions and one control group. The research instrument were Grief Questionnaire (Dyregrov, 2001) and Aggression Questionnaire (Buss and Perry, 1992). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results showed adolescent-reasoned mindfulness and positive psychology interventions is effective on bereavement symptoms and aggression in bereaved adolescent (p<0/05) and the effects of adolescent-reasoned mindfulness were much greater than positive psychology interventions and the changes stable through the time. Result showed that the adolescent-reasoned mindfulness and positive psychology interventions on bereavement symptoms on aggression in bereaved adolescent effective and adolescent-reasoned mindfulness were more effective on bereavement symptoms and aggression.

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of mindfulness on job performance and job stress with considering mediating role of meaning in work. The research method was correlation and the statistical population consisted of all employees of Parsian Ophthalmology Clinic, of which, 194 subjects were selected through convenience sampling method. Research questionnaires consisted of Mindfulness (Baer et al., 2006), Job Performance (Paterson, 1963), Job Stress (Babakus et al., 1992) and Meaning in Work (Ivtzan, et al. 2013). Data were analyzed with use of Pearson's correlation coefficient and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and results revealed that mindfulness has a significant effect on meaning in work, job performance and job stress (p<0/05). Moreover, meaning in work has a significant effect on job performance and job stress (p<0/05). Furthermore, the results of structural equation modeling showed that mindfulness indirectly and through effect on meaning in work has a significant effect on job performance and job stress (p <0/05). Hence, based on the findings of the research, it could be concluded that, mindfulness due to the effect on meaning in work has an impact on job performance and job stress.

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the pattern of death anxiety based on emotional empathy mediated by spirituality in middle-aged individuals. The population of the study was 45-65 years old male and female referring to health center in the first half of 1977. 464 subjects were selected by multistage random sampling. Sample subjects completed the Templar Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1970), Batson's Emotional Empathy Questionnaire (1983), and Spirituality (2009). SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. The statistical method used was the Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling. Death anxiety is negative and significant (p <0. 01) and the path coefficient between spirituality and death anxiety is negative and significant (p <0. 01). Indirect path coefficient between emotional empathy and death anxiety was negative and significant (p <0. 01). And 29% of the variance of death anxiety was explained by the variables in the model, thus concluding that spirituality affects emotional empathy and death anxiety and mediates negatively and significantly. Therefore, the anxiety of death must be viewed as an interactive and all-encompassing consideration.

the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of positive psychology based therapy on marital satisfaction on women affected by infidelity. The statistical population of this quasi-experimental study included all women affected by infidelity in Tabriz in 2019 who they were referred to the Behzisty Advisory Centers by the Provincial Justice for consultation that 30 of them were selected using available sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Both groups completed the Marital Satisfaction Scale (Fowers & Olson, 1993) as pre-test and post-test. Eight sessions of positive psychology based therapy (two sessions a week for 4 weeks) were administered to the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance in SPSS. 20 software. Positive psychology-based therapy compared to control group on marital satisfaction, relationship, conflict resolution and ideal distortion of the women injured from betrayal (p>0. 001). Training in this approach is recommended as an effective intervention to improve the marital satisfaction of women injured from betrayal.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the family atmosphere, mother-daughter relationship, social skills, and mothers' mental disorders in predicting child abuse of high school female students. The research design was a correlational. The statistical population consisted of 55766 Isfahan high school female students and their mothers in the academic year of 2017-2018 using a multistage cluster sampling method, 250 were selected. The research tools consisted of Questionnaire of Family Emotional Condition (Hill Burn, 1964), the Parent-Child Relationship Scale (Fine, Moreland & Schwebel, 1983), the Teenage Inventory of Social Skills Questionnaire (Inderbitzen & Foster, 1992), the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) and Child Abuse Questionnaire (Nourbakhsh, 2012). The data were analyzed using stepwise regression analysis, and the final step of regression analysis showed that mother-daughter relationship and mothers' mental disorders were 10. 6% were able to predict child abuse at the level (P <0. 01). The results of this study indicate the importance of the mother's role in the prevention of child abuse of females. Therefore, researchers and planners in the field of psychosocial issues can provide a space to reduce this problem by formulating educational, preventive, and therapeutic programs.

The aim of this study is to compare the Effectiveness of Couples Coping Enhancement Training (CCET) and TOGETHER Program on marital stress and marital satisfaction of couples. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and follow-up with a control group. The Statistical population of this study was parents of elementary students in Kalachai city in 2018. 21 couples were chosen by using purposive sampling method and were randomly assigned into three groups including two experimental groups and one control group. The scales used in this study were ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (Olson, Fournier & Druckman, 1987) and Stockholm-Tehran Marital Stress Scale (Orth-Gome & et al, 2000). There were 8 sessions of 2 hours and 15 minutes of the couple Coping Enhancement Training and 9 sessions of 2 hours of the couples program. The findings shown that CCET and TOGETHER led to decrease in marital stress and increase in marital satisfaction of couples (p> 0. 05) and the effectiveness of the intervention remained stable after two months. CCET has shown more effectiveness. The results of this study showed that CCET and TOGETHER led to decrease in marital stress and increase in marital satisfaction of couples and the effectiveness of the intervention remained stable after two months. Also CCET has shown more effectiveness thus can be useful for clinical purposes.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ostracism workplace on work engagement by mediating emotional intelligence in the staff of General Administration of Sports and Youth of Tehran Province. The method of research is descriptive-survey. The statistical population includes 180 employees of the General Department of Sports and Youth of Tehran Province. Among the statistical population, 120 people were selected based on Cochran's relation with 5% error by simple random sampling method. Standard questionnaires were used to collect data. Cronbach's alpha for work engagement is 0. 901, ostracism workplace, 0/918 and emotional intelligence 0. 937. To analyze the research data, structural equation modeling using SMART-PLS software was used. The results of the research indicate that the negative effect of ostracism workplace on work engagement with the mediation of emotional intelligence is among the staff of the Department of Sports and Youth of Tehran province.

This study aimed to investigate role mediator mental health in relationship between dimension paternalistic leadership with performance job. This research any sort study is descriptive correlational study sample included all staff year 1396 lorestan university has established a number of 575 people. The statistical sample of 234 people is the sample using the method stratified proportional size selected. For data collection questionnaires. Paternalistic Leadership vivian sheer (2012), Performance Job paterson (1970) and Mental Health Goldberg & Hillier (1979) was used. For the analysis using of structural equation modeling. The results show that Among the dimensions of paternalistic leadership, relationship authoritarian leadership with job performance reduse (β =-0/262)relationship benevolent leadership (β = 0. 288) and etical leadership (β = 0. 186) to increased with job performance. The relationship authoritarian leadership decreases with mental health (B =-0. 248), relationship benevolent leadership (β = 0. 175), and etical leadership (β = 0. 452) increase with mental health of theemployee. Ther is relationship increase between mental health with job performance (β = 0. 298). The effect of authoritarian leadership on job performance was indirect (β =-0. 073) explained with mediating role of mental health(β =-0. 335). The effect of benevolent leadership on job performance was indirect (β = 0. 052) explained with mediating role of mental health(β = 0. 034). And the effect of ethical leadership on job performance with the mediating role of was indirect (β = 0. 134) explained with mediating role of mental health(β = 0. 32).

The purpose of the present research is to investigate the relationships between the employee’ s perception levels of organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. The method the present research is relational and the structural equation modeling is used, and also the measuring tool in this research is closed questionnaire. Statistical population of study includes all of 148 employees of the SAMEN Institutes of Mazandaran Province from which 114 employees were selected by simple random sampling method as a sample. Findings showed that there is significant and positive relationship between perceived Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior and its dimensions such as altruism, sportsmanship, conscientiousness, courtesy, and civic virtue (P˂ 0/01). Also, after the investigation and test, the existence of relationship between distributive justice, procedural justice, and intractional justice with organizational citizenship behavior is suported.

The purpose of this study was to compare the mastery learning, meaningful learning and e-learning on the basic mathematical concepts of second grade male students in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental (pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group). The statistical population of this study included all second grade elementary students in Isfahan ncludes 65, 000 students in the academic year 1399-1399. The sample size was selected based on the pre-test, post-test method with control and follow-up group for 200 students, which was done by stepwise cluster sampling method, four districts were randomly selected and five schools were randomly selected from the district schools. Each school had 10 students and these 10 people were randomly selected from five classes and were randomly divided into 4 groups of 25 people (three experimental groups and one control group). The research tool was a researcher-made test of basic mathematical concepts and analysis of covariance was used for analysis and the groups were compared in terms of post-test and follow-up. The results showed that the intelligent learning intervention program is effective in teaching mathematics and there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of intelligent teaching with the other two methods, but there is no significant difference between the teaching method and mastery.