Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2014 | Volume:32 | Issue:282|Papers Count:6

Background: Low birth weight is the most important public health problem, especially in the developing countries, associated with many complications. Magnesium, an essential element for many enzymes, have been studied in recent decades and can reduce preterm labor and low birth weight.Hence, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of maternal serum magnesium levels and the incidence of low-birth-weight infants.Methods: In this case-control study, 21 low- (cases) and 39 normal-birth-weight (control group) infants were studied. Information was collected by infant physical examination, interview with the mother and maternal blood laboratory tests. For the measurement of maternal serum magnesium level, atomic absorption spectrometry method was used. The collected data were analyzed using independent t and chi-square tests.Findings: The mean maternal serum magnesium level was significantly (P=0.001) lower in the case group (2.24 ± 0.07 mg) compared with the control group (2.61 ± 0.09 mg). Low maternal serum magnesium level is a risk factor for incidence of low birth weight.Conclusion: Maternal serum magnesium level is a predictive risk factor for low birth weight.Therefore, to reduce the incidence of low birth weight, as one of the most important causes of infant mortality, oral administration of magnesium and dietary advices can be taken.

Background: Genetic damages and epigenetic factors are important in invasive breast cancer. PTEN gene is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein can be traced by immunohistochemistry methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of PTEN gene expression and pathological parameters in patients with breast cancer.Methods: This descriptive analytical research was conducted on 100 cases with breast cancer admitted to a hospital in Sabzevar, Iran, during 2010-13. Samples were fixed in formalin; tissue processing and taking sections was done. Then, the slides were stained by hematoxylin and eosin.Malignancy was diagnosed by two pathologists blindly. Expression of PTEN gene was evaluated after antigen retrieval with primary specific rabbit monoclonal PTEN antibody using by immunohistochemical method. Photos were taken by light microscope. Data were analyzed using chisquare and Fisher’s exact tests.Findings: In 70 (70%) specimens, PTEN protein was detected. Protein stability was observed in total normal samples. No significant relationship was observed between the stage and grade of tumor, but there was significant relationship between PTEN gene expression and tumor grade and stage (P<0.05).Over-expression of PTEN gene was lower in invasive ductal carcinoma compared to non-invasive breast cancers.Conclusion: Our study showed that PTEN gene expression is low in patients with high-grade breast tumors. Therefore, we may conclude that low expression of PTEN gene is accompanied with bad prognosis in patients with breast cancer.

Background: In the recent studies, effects of the physical activity and regular exercise in preventing and postponing diabetes type 2, increase in insulin sensitivity, and improvement in glucose metabolism has been observed. Purpose of this study was to survey the effects of aerobic training and resistance training on lipid profile in patients with diabetes type 2.Methods: 45 patients with diabetes type 2 were selected by the targeted sampling method and divided into two aerobic training, resistance experimental, and control groups. Experimental groups exercised for 8 week, 3 sessions per week, each session 45 to 70 minutes. In this period, the control group had no regular exercise. In this study, multiple variables like triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was measured before and after training course. Finally, the results were analyzed using repeated measure test in significance level of 95%.Findings: Results of this study showed a significant improvement in TG and HDL levels after aerobic training course and meaningful improvement in HDL level after resistance training course.Conclusion: Aerobic training course had more effect on improvement of lipid profile rather than resistance training course.

Background: Single B cell antibody technology is a novel strategy to make human monoclonal antibody (mAb). Its main part is long-term culture of primary plasma cells (PC) to secrete antibody.PC survival in bone marrow is related to environmental signals, which should supply using a feeder cell monolayer during in-vitro culture of PCs. It seems that among different kinds of feeder cells, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are the best. The aim of this study was isolation of antibody secreting plasma cells from peripheral blood and surviving them during in-vitro culture.Methods: After tetanus vaccination, Ig concentrations of serum samples were titrated using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of vaccinated donor were stained with three fluorescent anti CD38, anti CD19 and anti CD45 antibodies. Stained plasma cells were sorted into 96 wells using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and cultured with BMSCs as feeder cell. After 10 days, in order to determine plasma cell survival, total RNA were extracted from plasma cells and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was performed using antibody specific primers.Findings: 7 days after vaccination, the serum antibody titration of donor was 16 IU/ml, which confirmed provoking a good immune response against tetanus vaccination. Flow analysis of peripheral blood sample on seventh day showed the presence of 0.3% plasma cells in PBMCs. Using RT-PCR with primers specific for antibody gene, the amplification of a variable heavy chain (VH) gene segment with the size of 400 bp was done; this confirmed the plasma cells survival and antibody gene expression during co-culture with BMSCs.Conclusion: The main result of this project was finding suitable pattern to isolate and survive plasma cells during 10 days in-vitro culture. Therefore, a part of single B cell antibody technology was established. Some of the results consist of percentage of plasma cells in PBMCs and the size of VH segment are in agreement with previous studies.

Background: Pancreatic simple cysts are smaller than the complex cysts and are located in distal areas of pancreas. Papillary solid and cystic tumor is a rare neoplasm in children and elderly, and often occurs in young women and girls.Case Report: A forty-year-old woman with a history of epigastria pain for five years had referred several times to medical centers was conducted to be candidate to pancreatic systectomy with general anesthesia. She underwent distal pancreatectomy. Patient postoperative follow-up was continued.Conclusion: Papillary solid and cystic tumor of the pancreas is a rare neoplasm with unknown origin and often benign. It presents with vague abdominal pain. Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT-scan would help to make diagnosis before the surgery. Surgery is the choice treatment and the diagnosis would be proved with histology and immunohistochemistry.