Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences
Year:2007 | Volume:9 | Issue:2 (37)|Papers Count:14

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Considering the significance of medicinal plants with minimum side effects in diabetes mellitus and the relaxant effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of black seed in isolated tracheal rings, therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of this plant on resting tone and contraction of thoracic aorta from normal and diabetic rats.METHODS: In this experimental study, adult male rats (251±14 g) were divided into control and diabetic groups. Streptozotocin (STZ; i.p.) was used for diabetes induction. After 6 weeks, contraction of isolated rings from endothelium-intact thoracic aorta under resting condition and to noreadrenaline in the presence of 100 mg/ml of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa was recorded.FINDINGS: Although extract pretreatment did not have any significant effect on resting tone of aortic rings from control and diabetic rats, but the maximum contraction to noradrenalin was significantly lower in the presence of Nigella sativa in control rats (p<0.05). Meanwhile, extract addition did not cause any significant change in diabetic group. CONCLUSION: Methanolic extract of Nigella sativa is only capable of reducing noradrenalin-induced contraction in control group and no such effect was observed for diabetic group.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is now used in the management of acute cholecystitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of LC for acute cholecystitis (AC) and compare it with acute open cholecystectomy (OC) and elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) in terms of complications, conversion rate, and hospital stay and operation time.METHODS: This clinical study was carried out 01) 235 patients. Ninety-four patients with AC were admitted to emergency department. They were randomly divided into acute laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ALC) (n=46) and OC(n=48). One hundred and forty one patients with symptomatic gallstone underwent ELC.FINDINGS: The median of total stay was 5, 3 and 2 days (mean±SD 5.39±2.9, 3.39±3.14 and 1.99±1.3 days) in OC, ALC and ELC, respectively (p=0.005). The mean duration of operation time was 53.2±3.2, 58.8±29.3 and 39.9±18.8 minutes in OC, ALC and ELC, respectively (p=0.005). Major complications occurred in 5 patients (10.4%) with ac, 2 patients (5.1%) with ALC and 5 patients (3.6%) with ELC. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that in patients with ALC in comparison to OC, there are a decrease in total hospital stay, post operative hospital stay and major complications. LC should be considered as a first choice before open surgery.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is the prevention of invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Treatment of CIN is destruction of abnormal epithelium which is a lower morbidity excision. Treatment options are dependent on experience of surgical team, severity of disease and kind of destruction procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the results of two methods, cryosurgery and loop electrosurgical excision procedure in the treatment of patients with CIN.METHODS: This clinical study was performed on 32 cases with CIN in Ghaem hospital and private clinic. A questionnaire included age of patients, severity of ON, type of management, follow-up of patients, the recurrence of disease and mortality of patients was used. After a cervicovaginal pap smear for every patient, cervical biopsy was carried out under colposcopic guidance and if indicated, ablation of abnormal epithelium was done. The patients randomly divided into two groups, 15 patients treated by cryosurgery and 17 patients by loop electrosurgical. After treatment, follow up was done at a 3 month interval for pelvic examination, pap smear and if indicated colposcopy directed biopsy was done cases. The results of these two methods were compared.FINDINGS: The mean age of patients was 35.97±10.8 years. The frequency of CIN were as follows: CIN II (43.2%), CIN I (35.1%) and CIN III (24.5%). Considering early complications, persistent disease and disease recurrence it was not seen any significant difference in each group. Considering early complications, persistent disease and disease recurrence, no significant difference was seen in each group. The cure rate with cryosurgery was 100% and with loop excision was 94.1% but there were no significant difference between two groups.CONCLUSION: Cryosurgery procedure for treatment of patients with CIN is more effective than loop electrosurgical procedure. Further studies with more samples are needed to evaluate the results of this procedure.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Various types of foot orthoses are prescribed for people with flatfoot. Researches showed that orthoses not only improve biomechanics of lower limb, but also affect on some of the balance parameters of people. It was hypothesized that the later effect differs depending on the rigidity of orthoses. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of rigid and soft foot orthoses on dynamic balance in female students with flatfoot. METHODS: This clinical study was performed on both feet of twenty healthy subjects with bilateral flatfoot. In this way, each subject performed limits of stability test in two sessions with two week interval.FINDINGS: A significant group-by-session-by-condition interaction was found. In group two, at the second session, overall limits of stability index improved significantly while standing with orthosis as compared to other conditions. Also, significant effects were found for the testing session. The overall limits of stability index increased and the time to complete test decreased in the second session as compared to the first.CONCLUSION: Foot orthoses depending on the amount of hardness have beneficial effects on balance of people with flatfoot. These effects have different importance with respect to movements of ankle-foot complex. Thus, it is recommended that the prescription of these devices perform with respect to the activities of each person.

BACKGROUND AND Objective: Selection of proper and balanced nutrition is important for pregnant women. Because of physiologic changes associated with pregnancy, it is necessary to arrange nutritional program according to nutrition habits of family. The aim of this study was to determine the nutrient consumption pattern in pregnant women referred to healthy care centers in Babol.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was done on 480 pregnant women referred to health care centers of Babol. For each case, two questionnaires including frequency of consumption and characteristics of mother were completed by face to face interview method. Level of nutrient consumption pattern categorized into three classes good, moderate and poor according to the number of correct answers.FINDINGS: Totally nutrient consumption pattern in 76.7 % of pregnant women was moderate. There was a statistically significant relationship between nutrient consumption patterns and pregnancy age (p<0.05). Also a significant association was found between consumption of gassy beverage with food and consumption pattern of stew vegetables (fresh, dry and etc) with educational level of pregnant women (p=0.000, p=0.03). The most widely consumed foods were yogurt, churned sour milk, citrus fruits, solid oil, tomato, onion, potato, vegetables, bread and egg.CONCLUSION: Majority of pregnant women had almost optimal nutrient consumption pattern. But necessity of proper nutritional education and identification of different food groups with an emphasis on 4-5 main nutrient groups are necessary for changes in improper nutritional habits.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infertility is an important social problem that involves 10% to 15% of the couples. There are different diagnostic and therapeutic methods for infertility including laparoscopy. The aim of this study was to assess the laparoscopy results in infertile women with pregnancy failure after IUI (Intra Uterine Insemination). METHODS: This study was performed on records of infertile patients with pregnancy failure after IUI in Fatemeh Zahra and Babol Clinic infertility centers from 1997 to 2004. Data including pelvic adhesions, unilateral or bilateral tubal obstruction, endometriosis, PCO, endometrioma and normal findings were recorded in the questionnaire.FINDINGS: In this study, laparoscopy was done on 98 cases. Mean age of patients (aged 18-46 years) was 29.31±6.32 years. Forty seven cases (48%) had a normal laparoscopy and 51 (52%) patients had pathologies including PID in 19 (19.3%), cystectomy in 4 (4%), myomectomy in 2 (2%), appendectomy in 1 (1%), cesarean section in 3 (3%), D&C in 8 (8.1%) and ectopic pregnancy in 1 (1%) and abortion in 18 (18.4%). In all cases of infertility 8 (8.2%) patients showed adhesions in laparoscopy while 4 (4.1%) had bilateral tubal obstruction, 14 (14.3%) unilateral tubal obstruction, 14 (14.3%) endometriosis, 22 (22.4%) PCO and 4 (4.1%) endometrioma.CONCLUSION: The results showed that nearly in half of cases, laparoscopy result was normal in infertile women after IUI and only in some cases led to a change in the method of treatment.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Clinical education is an important part of the nursing education program. Stress is one of the problems in nursing education that can cause education fall, undesirable behaviors and physical disorders. The aim of this study was to identify stressor agents in clinical education of nursing students in Amol nursing and midwifery faculty.METHODS: This cross sectional study was performed on 120 nursing students in 3-8 semesters. Sampling was as census and data was collected by questionnaire (with 29 closed questions).FINDINGS: The most common causes of stress were instructor notification to students in the presence of personnel and physicians (mean=3.7%±0.65) and in the presence of students (mean=3.41±0.86), not receiving enough care by physicians (mean=3.41±0.74), patients not receiving enough treatment because of poverty (mean=3.39±0.82). Communication with instructor was more stressful than other persons (mean=2.87). There was not a significant relationship between morning and evening courses, marital status and place of residence with stressor agents. But this difference was significant among different educational terms.CONCLUSION: Stressors should be adjusted to facilitate learning and coping methods should be educated to nursing students.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Providing patients' satisfaction with high quality cares should be considered in planning and making decision for hospital cares. The aim of this study was to determine the patients' satisfaction with hospital care in Shahid Beheshti and Yahyanejad hospitals in Babol.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 615 patients who were hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti and Yahyanejad hospitals of Babol in 2005. The data was collected using a designed questionnaire with interview of patients. The data related to demographic and patients' satisfaction included 21 questions regarding nursing, medical, preclinical, nutritional and environmental cares. Patients' satisfaction was measured on a 4 point lickret scale (very low, low, high, very high).FINDINGS: The mean±SD age of patients was 44±18.5 years and 50.9% of patients were female. Patients' overall satisfaction was 93.6%. Over 90% of patients had very high and high satisfaction rate with their nursing care. Also, patients' satisfaction (high and very high) with the physician cares was over 94%. Patients' satisfaction with radiographic and laboratory services was over 90%. Patients' satisfaction with general care compared to physician and nursing cares was lower. Almost one-third of patients had low and very low of satisfaction with general care. There was not a statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction rate between men and women. Patients less than 30 years old and also patients with higher level of education significantly had lower level of satisfaction. CONCLUSION: However, patients' satisfaction rate with nursing, medical and paramedical cares was relatively high. The satisfaction rate with general cares such as nutritional care and care service was lower. It is necessary to revise the hospital administration method in order to compensate the low level of patients' satisfaction with care services.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Aspergilloma may present with massive hemoptysis. Surgery is the treatment of choice of massive hemoptysis in this setting, but in inoperable patients, percutaneous intracavitary instillation of amphotericin B can be used.CASE: The patient was a 55 year old man who had massive hemoptysis 4 days prior to admission. There was left upper lobe cavitary lesion due to old TB with a fungus ball in the CT scan. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed active bleeding from left upper lobe division. Because the patient was a poor candidate for surgery, CT-guided intracavitary catheter inserted and percutaneous instillation of amphotericin B and bromhexine was performed for 7 days. Hemoptysis decreased during 24 hours and completely stopped after 72 hours.CONCLUSION: In patients with massive hemoptysis due to aspergilloma who poor candidate for surgery, percutaneous intacavitary instillation of amphotericin B should be considered.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Proteus syndrome is a rare genetic disorder which involves atypical growth of multiple tissues such as bones, vessel, skin and head, and can cause a variety of other symptoms. We report a case of proteus syndrome with macro-orchidism.CASE: A 28-year-old man was presented with large scrotum. In physical examination he had large testes, hypertrophy and skin lesions in some parts of body. The size of his hands and feet was huge. Scrotal ultrasonography showed hydrocele and large testes.CONCLUSION: Diagnostic criteria for proteus syndrome are based on clinical manifestations and treat symptomatically and individually.