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مرکز اطلاعات علمی SID1
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    4-3 (پی در پی 135-134)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1333
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

مرامی جمشید

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1380
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    4-3 (پی در پی 135-134)
  • Pages: 

    939-943
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    381
  • Downloads: 

    34
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

خاقانی شروانی (520-5959 ق) شاعر پارسی گوی خطه ایران (آذربایجان امروزی در شمال رود ارس) به زعم تذکره احوال نویسان ادب فارسی به جمله علوم عصر خویش واقف بوده و از جمله در علم نجوم و جغرافیایی دستی داشته است و به گواهی اشعارش و تایید شارحان شعرش در اغلب ابیات دیوان و آثار وی جای جای مباحث و مسایل نجومی دیده می شود و نشان می دهد که وی با سیر تاریخی معنای اصطلاحات نجومی و جغرافیایی هم آشنا داشته است ...

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Author(s): 

سیدی سیدحسین

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1380
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    4-3 (پی در پی 135-134)
  • Pages: 

    575-586
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1009
  • Downloads: 

    34
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

قرآن کریم به زبان عربی نازل شده است و ناگزیر باید ساختار این زبان را بر تن کند. اما این بدان معنا نیست که در تمام ساختهای صرفی و نحوی تماما از آن پیروی کند؛ لذا طبیعی است که نوعی انحراف از نرم و ساز و کارهای معمول نحوی زبان عربی در آن پیدا شود. فراهنجاری در حقیقت انحراف از قواعد حاکم بر زبان هنجار می باشد. فراهنجاری، تحت عنوان برجسته سازی ادبی جای می گیرد که یا نسبت به قواعد حاکم بر زبان خودکار انحراف (فراهنجار) صورت می گیرد و یا قواعدی بر آن می افزاید. از انواع فراهنجاری یعنی واژگانی، نحوی، معنایی، گویشی، نوشتاری، تنها گونه اخیر در زبان قرآن اتفاق نیفتاده است؛ ولی از گونه های دیگر می توان سخن گفت. نوشتار حاضر بیشتر ناظر بر فراهنجاری در ساخت نحوی قرآن کریم است.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1380
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    4-3 (پی در پی 135-134)
  • Pages: 

    929-938
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1366
  • Downloads: 

    34
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

هدف از نگارش این مقاله، اثبات ترجیح واژه (کار) به جای واژه (فال) در بیت زیر از حافظ است:عوامل ایجاد نسخه بدل ها را در شعر حافظ، می توان در سه مورد خلاصه کرد: 1- تصرف کاتبان، که علل مختلفی داشته است، از جمله: سهو و نسیان آنها حین کتابت شعر حافظ، عدم شناخت کافی بعضی از آنها با الفاظ و مفاهیم والای شعر او، و بعضا دخالت دادن ذوق شخصی و ...2- اشتباهات و غلط خوانیهای برخی از مصححین، به دلیل عدم آشنایی کافی بعضی از آنها با اصول و شرایط فن تصحیح ...  

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1380
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    4-3 (پی در پی 135-134)
  • Pages: 

    669-708
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2068
  • Downloads: 

    34
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

اگر می شد سالمندی را به عنوان مرتبه ای از زندگی با منزلت خاص اجتماعی در نظر گرفت و نه مرحله جسمانی، آنگاه می دانستیم که تنها جوانان سرمایه های ما نیستند و سرمایه دیگری چون سالمندان را نیز در اختیار داریم. در یک جامعه توانهای اجرایی هر چند هم قوی باشد، اگر از اندوخته های علمی و تجربی خود سود نبرد، بی فایده است. سالمندان ما کتابهای چاپ نشده ای هستند که می بایست در اختیار نیروهای اجرایی قرار گیرند تا از آنها برای موفقیت جامعه سود برند. برای ارتباط با سالمندان باید بسیار ظریف و با احتیاط عمل کرد. برای آنکه آنان را به آینده خود دعوت کنیم، راهی مشکل در پیش داریم؛ راهی که شاید این نوشتار بخواهد به آن جامه عمل بپوشاند.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1380
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    4-3 (پی در پی 135-134)
  • Pages: 

    799-816
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1663
  • Downloads: 

    34
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

همانگونه که آموزش لغت در فراگیری زبان خارجی، اهمیت ویژه ای دارد، روش آموزش لغت نیز از اهمیت بسزایی برخوردار است. براساس مطالعات روانشناسی شناختی، زبان شناسی و تحولات نوین در آموزش واژگان، دو روش آموزش واژگان مورد بررسی قرار گرفته اند: روش مجموعه مرتبط معنایی و روش مجموعه غیرمرتبط معنایی. در روش مجموعه مرتبط معنایی، واژه هایی که از نظر معنایی به یکدیگر شبیه اند در یک گروه و زیر یک عنوان تدریس می شوند؛ ولی در روش مجموعه غیرمرتبط معنایی، لغات مورد نظر بدون دسته بندی و به صورت پراکنده تدریس می شوند. هدف از این بررسی، ارزیابی موارد زیر بوده است: الف) تأثیر نسبی و جداگانه دو روش آموزش واژگان ب)تأثیر هر روش بر یادگیری زبان آموزان در دو سطح زبان آموزی. هر گروه مورد آزمون تحت آموزش خاص واژگان قرار گرفتند. برای بررسی میزان یادگیری لغت زبان آموزان، از آزمون مقیاس دانش لغوی (VKS) استفاده شده است. واژه ها با دو مقیاس کمیت واژه های فرا گرفته و کیفیت آنها اندازه گیری شدند. با بررسی میزان یادگیری براساس دو مقیاس مزبور برای دو سطح مختلف زبان آموزی، مشخص شد که میزان یادگیری زبان آموزان در هر دو سطح از نظر کمیت و کیفیت واژه های فراگرفته در روش مجموعه مرتبط معنایی بیشتر از روش مجموعه غیر مرتبط معنایی بوده است؛ ولی زبان آموزان سطح بالاتر بهره وری بیشتری داشته اند. این بررسی با تحلیل نتایج و ذکر کاربردهای آنها به پایان می رسد.

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Author(s): 

FAZELI M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    429-446
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    1091
  • Downloads: 

    379
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

This article is an attempt to remove dust from the face of the classical literature; to explain the secret of immortality of classical literature; to show the close connection between classical literature and the emotional, mental and spiritual needs of the people in every era. The study is based on the following principles: 1. Literature has various dimensions that cannot be fully expressed by words. 2. Great literature sees no fall; what is transient is our interpretations of such literature; 3. The writer has but a partial conscious understanding of his product; 4. Great works of literature begin to thrive only after the writer dies. It is the conditions of the time, history, and the critics who show the various dimensions of a literary work and actualize its potential meanings.

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Author(s): 

MESHKAT ALDINI MAHDI

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    447-478
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1021
  • Downloads: 

    358
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Early child speech begins at about the age of 18 months as holophrastic or single word utterances, which develop to two-word speech, or early patterned utterances, from the age of 20 to 24 months. The child's early speech in interpretable only with reference to objects and events in his environment. Researches have analyzed and described the child's two-word speech within various linguistic frameworks, describing thus the child's early grammar. In this article, the writer first explains and criticizes the various ways used to describe, the early grammar, drawing on the samples of speech of two Persian-speaking children. Then, the writer describes the child's early speech based on Chomsky's Universal Grammar.

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Author(s): 

GOLCHIN M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    479-496
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    827
  • Downloads: 

    379
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

In this article the writer discusses the relationship between language and mind as he finds in the theological-mystic view of Bahâ Valadexpressed in Ma'âref, the only book survived from Bahâ' Valad. The book has an artistic language in that the writer has frequently used figures of speech. In this article, the writer tries to study the effect of Bahâ Valad's worldview on the formation of his artistic language, discussing the interaction between form and meaning in his book.

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Author(s): 

MALAK SABET M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    497-510
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1697
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

According to Attâr, God's invitation of man to supplicate and pray is a great honor for human beings. God not only invites but also assists man by creating enthusiasm for supplication in him. Attâr's supplications include praise of God Almighty, his love for God, his helplessness and the expression of his wishes. His greatest wish is for a healthy soul and happiness in the life hereafter. His supplications portray him as a believer with a strong faith who, in his mystic journey, has not deviated from Shari'af and has chosen a moderate way in Sufism.

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Author(s): 

DARAM M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    511-526
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1351
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

The definition of the novel and the factors creating it are among the main literary issues in the world. Aristotle divided literature into two categories: dramatic and narrative, with epic belonging to the first and tragedy and comedy belonging to the second categories. This classification in terms of type has apparently been the first step toward the study of .each modern literary work. With respect to the novel, it seems that from 18thcentury until the end of the 20thcentury, the definition of this literary genre and its history and development had been taken for granted. During the last two decades, as a result of criticisms leveled at Aristotle's classification by thinkers such as Foucault, the traditional definition and the history of the novel have been questioned, and the study of the novel and teaching it in universities have been revolutionized. The modem scholars of the novel have gone so far as to say that the purpose of the novel is not to portray the reality of human life but to create and fashion the world of reality. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the definitions of the novel before the 80s, which are regarded today as traditional definitions, and to analyze the related issues discussed during the last two decades.

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Author(s): 

JAVARI M.H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    527-542
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2322
  • Downloads: 

    362
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Adorno has left a book entitled "Aesthetic Theory." In this article the purpose of the writer is to indicate the aesthetic ideas of Adorno as expressed in this book. The main focus in this article is on the political process of aesthetics and Adorno's negative dialectic.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

ASHRAFZADEH R.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    543-558
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1375
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Is Khatmi Lâhori the writer of The Mystic Interpretation of Hafiz's Sonnets, annotated by Bahâ'oddin Khorramshâhi, et al.? This is among the interpretations of Hafiz written in the Indian subcontinent. On the strength of the sentences appearing in the text, and based on the view of Dr. ArefNoshahi, the annotators have ascribed the book to Khatmi Lâhori, the writer of Marja' al- Bahrain, which cannot be true. In this article, the writer presents arguments to refute this claim.

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Author(s): 

SEYYEDI S. H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    557-586
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    240
  • Downloads: 

    347
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

The Qur'an has been revealed in Arabic, and is therefore expected to follow the norms of Arabic. This, however, does not mean that the Qur'an does follow Arabicin all aspects of morphology and syntax. Deviation from the norms is in fact a kind of literary foregrounding, a process in which there is a deviation from the rules of language or a rule is added to the rules of language. Deviations happen basically in lexical, syntactic and semantic aspects of language. In the Qur'an, there are deviations not only in syntactic but other areas of Arabic as well. In this article the writer focuses on the syntactic deviations in the Qur'an.

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Author(s): 

QAREHBAGLOU S.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    559-574
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    756
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

In the divan of every great poet/ there are words that are basic to understanding the poet's intended meanings. These words, making up the structure of his poetry, provide a key to the world of the poet. The word "sobh" and the words related to celestial phenomena are the key words in the divan of Khaqani. The present article' drawing on Khaqani's -poems. Using a statistical method' explores the idea of "sobh" and the related words as reflected in the mind of the poet.

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Author(s): 

SADR NABAVI R.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    587-602
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1455
  • Downloads: 

    381
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

1. Hebert Mead. In organized games, Herbert Mead maintains, the child assume rolesand what happens to him in childish competitions is repeated in his future life. While Mead is abundantly clear about the way identity is developed, his explanation of the difference between the concepts of "I" and "me" is unsatisfactoryand vague. 2. Ralph Linton. According to Linton, a role belonging to a specific situation is dynamic. The role and the basis are two sides of a coin. Drawing on his ethnographicstudies, Linton has referred to the difference between acquired and attributivebases. To him, authoritative groups have the competency to confer authorityon others.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

ZANJANIZADEH EZAZI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    603-626
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    12
  • Views: 

    3134
  • Downloads: 

    379
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

The purpose of this article is to study the question of women's security in the city. Women's life in cities is always affected by lack of urban security, real or potential, a factor which prevents women from being fully active citizens. In this article, using the data of a research, the writer reflects the views of women about security in the city and explores the factors that threaten security. The writer then discusses ways that ensure more security for women. Among these ways, the writer mentions the encouragement of men to act with a stronger sense of responsibility in this regard, and the formation of special committee of women in the city.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 3134

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Author(s): 

HEIDARI BIGVAND D.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    627-668
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    821
  • Downloads: 

    381
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

The family is the most important factor in the socialization process, transferring the individual to a social-cultural life. This institutionis so deeply rooted that in spite of structural and functional changes, the family has kept its ties with the individual and the society from various dimensions. However, the extensive ethnological, inter-cultural as well as sociological and mental pathological studies carried out in recent years have shown that some of. the structural and functional changes happening in the family are destructive from social and individual viewpoints, and that these changes, in certain cases, are deep, irreversible, expanding and continual. In this article the writer tries to study the factors creating structural and functional changes in the family as the institution that connects the individual to the society in general and in the Iranian society in particular. By citing examples, the writer maintains that the family is a self- controlling system, resisting against the functional and structural changes that go beyond biologic tolerance. In this study, which is inter-disciplinary, the writer, in his analysis of structural and functional changes, tries to show the three levels of biologic" social and mental, creating some kind of relation between them.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 821

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Author(s): 

SILANIAN TOOSI A.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    669-708
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    275
  • Downloads: 

    345
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

If it was possible to regard old age not as a physical stage but as a stage in life with its own special social value, we would then realize that it is not only the youth that are the assets of the society but the old people as well. In each society, no matter how much executive power is available, the society will not develop if there is not enough experience. The aged are unpublished books that should be made accessible to the young executive power so that they can use their experience in the interest of the society. To establish communication with the aged is an extremely delicate task. To invite them into our world, we need to take special care and make special efforts. The purpose of this article is to refer to these efforts.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 275

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Author(s): 

BEHRAVAN H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    709-730
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1201
  • Downloads: 

    362
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

One of the important factors affecting the type and degree of research activities of universities' teaching staff is the special attitude there is in the society toward the nature and characteristics of the humanities as opposed to other fields of study. In this article, the writer raises questions such as the following: To what extent do scientific advances and social values of scientific fields in the social organization of science depend on the subject matter of the fields, the methods they use and their epistemological dimensions. If more success is achieved in certain fields, what does this success signify? Do scientific advances in one field imply a superiority of that field in scientific position?

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1201

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Author(s): 

SAFARI KH.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    731-760
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1775
  • Downloads: 

    358
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Men are born with different abilities. The purpose of development is to create an atmosphere where all people can develop their potential. In this article, the writer discusses the requirements of women employment, so that, by referring to these requirements, it is possible to create special conditions in which there are appropriate facilities for women. Women have cultural duties and responsibilities toward their husband, children and parents. If these, plus women's physical conditions, are not taken into account by officials and planners, it is not possible to make maximum use of women's great labor force. The writer also refers to the social and cultural factors that discriminate against women in the area of labor, stating that the process of stabilization of discrimination continues through socialization. Injustice and discrimination affect the level and degree of human development. The developing countries can therefore speed up the development process by identifying and removing the factors that discriminate women in the area of labor.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1775

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Author(s): 

IRAN MAHBOOB A. | AHI G.H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    761-782
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1086
  • Downloads: 

    379
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

The purpose of this article is to study the effects of socio-economic factors (educational level, rural or urban background, economic situation, age) on cultural beliefs (determinism as a negative belief and belief in working hard as a positive one) using statistical methods the writer has obtained following results: those who belong to the traditional Bazaar are more deterministic compared to those in Modern Bazaar. Although the two groups are aware of the importance of working hard, those at a lower educational level are more deterministic. Besides,other factors such as mass media affect this determinism. In sum, it can be said that negative and positive beliefs depend on social variables, and that in traditional social systems negative beliefs are ore prevalent than positive ones.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1086

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Author(s): 

YAGHOUBI S.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    783-798
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    976
  • Downloads: 

    381
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Social deviations may be studied from various dimensions. In the current studies of social deviations, which do not follow a comprehensive pattern, many of these dimensions are explored. However, the variety of these dimensions and lack of a coherent and logical relation between these studies makes the study of social deviations seem a complicated task with the results lacking comprehensibility and applicability. If social deviations can be studied as a subject within a specific framework and in a consistent manner from three explanatory, descriptive and functional dimensions, and the causal relations, the consequences and their characteristics are identified systematically, using reliable methods, the position of mono-dimensional studies with respect to one of the three dimensions will be made clear and the necessity of studying social deviations from the three dimensions will be mage abundantly obvious. In this article, the writer introduces a framework for the study of social deviations, exploring its efficiency in the explanation and description of the consequences an act of social deviation such as robbery.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 976

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Author(s): 

GOWDASIAIE F. | HASHEMI M.R.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    799-816
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    253
  • Downloads: 

    345
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Vocabulary learning enjoys a paramount significance in language learning. As such, vocabulary instruction gains importance as well. Based on studies in cognitive psychology, linguistics and new developments in vocabulary instructions, the current study deals with two methods of vocabulary instruction: lexical sets (LS) vs. semantically-unrelated (SU) words. In the first method, words belonging to the same "lexical field/semantic domain" were presented together and under particular topics. In the semantically-unrelated method, however, words were presented sporadically and isolated from other members of the same lexical set. The purpose of the study was twofold: (a) to assess the effectiveness of the LS and SU vocabulary instruction, separately and relative to each other, and (b) to assess the differential effects of the two instructional methods for the students of lower and upper English proficiency levels. The two groups of learners were taught the same vocabulary items. Vocabulary knowledge scale (VKS) was used to measure the learner's breadth and depth of knowledge of target words. The results of the analysis indicated that the learners in the LS method made significantly greater gains in their vocabulary depth (VD) and vocabulary breadth (VB) than those in SU method. However, the upper level learners consistently showed greater gains than their peer lower level learners.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

GHONSOULI HEZAREH B.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    817-838
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    659
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Many researchers are of the opinion that the construction of the general idea of the text is the essence of the writing understanding. However, in spite of the importance of this skill, little research has been conducted about methods of constructing the general idea of the text within the second language learning context. Using an introspective method, the writer identifies the methods of constructing the general idea of the text and explores them within the framework of Stanovich's interactive-compensatory theory.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 659

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Author(s): 

ALI ZADEH A.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    839-856
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    793
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

In recent years, there have been some modifications to x-bar rules that have changed the shape of tree diagrams considerably. This paper is an attempt to evaluate one of the latest hypotheses of Government and Binding Theory dealing with the structural relations between sentence elements, specially the subject. Sportiche (1988) and Koopman and Sportiche (1991) have dealt with the canonical position of the subject in the d-structure of the sentence, and as opposed to the prevalent analysis within x-bar theory, have argued that the subject originates in VP. In their view, the spec-IP position for the subject is only a derived position resulting from an NP-movement operation known as (subject) raising. This hypothesis is called "VP-internal subject hypothesis." It seems that Sportiche's claim (1988) that the subject originates in VP, which is based on the movement of floating quantifiers in English and French sentences, is not compatible with Persian data. The writer believes that in those Persian sentences with floating quantifiers, the subject is raised from spec-IP into spec- Cp by NP-movement operation and this can be considered only a simple process of topicalization. So the s-structure position of the subject in Persian cannot be considered a derived position resulting from subject raising.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 793

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Author(s): 

ELAHI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    857-888
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    643
  • Downloads: 

    156
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

As the capital of Iran, Tehran strongly affects the economic, social, and political life in the country. For this reason when Iran was occupied by "The Allies", Journalism was influenced by the same factors that influenced the capital. When Reza Shah, who was ruling in a dictatorial way, was dismissed the society experienced some sort of unprogrammed freedom. From this time on a vast number of political parties, organizations and diverse periodicals emerges increasingly. Anyway, the years 1941-1953 marked a special historical period in Iran. Like other parts of Iran, Khorasan was also affected by this situation. This article is an attempt to deal with Khorasan periodicals at this period. The author maintains that this study can be very illuminating.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 643

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Author(s): 

SHAYAN H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    889-902
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    773
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

This paper is a comparative study of the environmental-objective factors affecting migration in rural areas in Neyshabour in two decades: (1976-1986) and (1986-1996) This study shows that with time passage the effect of economic factors has increased in contrast to those services rendered through facilities. Among the latter, the role of educational and medical facilities is considerable. So in planning rural development, both economic factors and optimized services which are much needed are specially significant.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 773

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Author(s): 

MEHRDADIYAN M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    903-916
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2279
  • Downloads: 

    381
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

As the last divine religion Islam has spread everywhere in the world because of its comprehensiveness. Since many people do not know about one million Muslims living in central and Latin American countries, the writer tries to present a picture of the arrival of Muslims, spread of Islam and its position in each of these countries; although the writer believes that his information is limited and is based on some articles, pamphlets, parts of books written in different languages and some statistical evidences. This paper briefly discusses the general history, basic stages of the arrival of Muslims and the spread of Islam in this part of the world.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 2279

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Author(s): 

LESANI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    34
  • Issue: 

    3-4
  • Pages: 

    917-928
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1518
  • Downloads: 

    381
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

The Persian connector k-e has at least three equivalents in Russian, which creates problems for Persian speakers learning Russian. In this article, the writer tries to describe the conditions in which each Russian connector is used and how it is expressed in Persian. The description is accompanied by ample exercises.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1518

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