QOM UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
Year:2018 | Volume:12 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:13

Background and Objectives: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, which can be detected and continued through stressful life events. Since the medical treatment of depression, is long-term use of antidepressants, therefore, this research was performed to compare the effects of fluoxetine and imipramine on depression.Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats (age range, 180±20gr), were used. Animals were divided into four groups of 6 each, including: Control, under immobilization stress, fluoxetine-treated (dose, 20mg/kg), and the Imipramine-treated (dose, 30mg/kg). Induction of immobilization stress was conducted by limiting polyethylene for 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, the antidepressant effects of the drugs in the treatment groups, were evaluated using tail suspension test. Then, serum levels of corticosterone and glucose, were measured.Results: In this study, the immobility time in the patient group significantly increased as compared to the control group. However, administration of fluoxetine and imipramine decreased immobility time compared to the patient group. Also, immobilization stress significantly decreased corticosterone and serum glucose compared to the control group. While, administration of fluoxetine increased corticosterone levels compared to the patient group, but administration of imipramine induced no change. Administration of fluoxetine or imipramine also increased glucose levels compared to the patient group.Conclusion: The results showed that immobilization stress causes depression-like behavior, and fluoxetine compared to imipramine has more improving effects in the reduction of depression-like behavior.

Background and Objectives: Studies have shown that impairment in kinases in the nervous system is related to many neurodegenerative disease. Glycogen synthase kinase-3b (GSK-3b) is a serine/threonine kinase that participates in regulation of various functions of neurons. Accordingly, GSK-3b is one of the drug targets for nervous system therapies. In this study, the effect of decreased activity in the form of neuropathic pain, was investigated on GSK-3b gene expression in sciatic nerve fiber of male Wistar rats.Methods: In this experimental study, 12 male Wistar rats (mean weight, 250±30g), were randomly divided into two groups: 1) Decreased activity (SNL: n=5); 2) Control (C: n=5). During and at the end of the protocol, neuropathic pain behavior tests, were performed continuously in the groups. After sixth weeks, the level of GSK-3b gene expression in sciatic nerve, was measured by real time technique and calculated using the 2-DDCT method. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance and independent t-test.Results: After 6 weeks, neuropathic pain behavior tests of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia showed that pain threshold was significantly lower in the SNL group than the control group (p£0.05). In addition, GSK-3b gene expression significantly increased in the sciatic nerve ligation group compared to the control group (p£0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and decreased physical activity are related to increased GSK-3b gene expression in sciatic nerve fiber.

Background and Objectives: Most athletes suffer from zinc and magnesium deficiency. Zinc and magnesium deficiency can reduce anabolic hormones and reduce performance of athletes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three months of zinc-magnesium supplementation along with intense endurance training on somatomedin C levels and endurance performance in female Wistar rats.Methods: In this experimental study, 24 mature female Wistar rats, were randomly divided into three groups of 8 each: (control, intense endurance training, and intense endurance training+zinc-magnesium supplementation (. The training protocol consisted of running on treadmill for 3 months (5day/week). In the supplement group, in addition to standard meal and water, 227 mg of zinc sulfate and 10g of magnesium sulfate, were used per liter of water. One week before the end of the period, the subjects' endurance performance, was assessed, and 24 hours after the last training session and after 8 hours of overnight fasting, blood samples were collected. Then, plasma level of somatomedin C, was measured. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests.Results: In this study, three months of endurance training along with supplementation, had no significant effects on serum somatomedin C levels of the groups (p=0.23), but endurance performance of the endurance training+supplementation group, significantly increased compared to the control (p=0.00) and training without supplementation group (p=0.00). Also, the endurance performance of the training without supplementation group, significantly increased compared to the control group (p=0.003).Conclusion: According to the results, zinc-magnesium supplement may be cautiously taken into account as a factor in improving endurance performance in female rats.

Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the myelin sheath of the central nervous system. A series of factors, such as environmental factors and polymorphisms have been known to be associated with it. In this study, the correlation between polymorphism of rs2829803 in miR-155 and multiple sclerosis, was investigated in the patients referred to Farshchian Hospital of Hamadan City.Methods: In this case-control study, 130 patients (29% male, 71% female) with multiple sclerosis (age range, 17-69 years) and 150 healthy subjects (38% male, 62% female) (age range, 19-63 years), were selected as the control group. Genotyping was performed by Tetra-ARMS-PCR method.Results: A significant difference was observed in the genotypic distribution of miR-155 rs2829803 in dominant form (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 1.19-0.58) (p=0.0001) and heterozygote (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.17-3.16) (p=0.01) in patients compared to the healthy subjects.Conclusion: In line with previous studies on the relationship between miR-155 polymorphism (rs2829803) and multiple sclerosis disease, the results of this study confirmed the association of this polymorphism with increased risk of developing the disease.

Background and Objectives: Irisin hormone is released from muscle cells by exercise and exerts its positive effects through increasing energy expenditure, and considering the anti-inflammatory effect of Interleukin (IL) -10 in response to systemic inflammation, this research eas performed with the purpose of determining the effect of one period of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on serum levels of irisin and IL-10 in overweight men.Methods: In this experimental study, 20 men in the age range of (35-45 year) with body mass index of (25-30kg/m2), were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups of control and exercises. The exercise group carried out HIIT training for 6 weeks. At baseline and the end of the study, blood sampling and serum preparation were performed and the levels of irisin hormone and IL-10, were measured by ELISA method. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov - Smirnov and t-tests at the significance level of p<0.05.Results: IL-10 serum level showed a significant increase in the of post-test in the exercise group (p<0.001). While, there was no difference between the two groups in the pre-test. Despite a little increase in the irisin level in the post-test of exercise group, the difference was not statistically significant. Also, intra-group comparison of pre-test and post-test of eacg group, only in the post-test IL-10 of the training group, the results were significant (p>0.05).Conclusion: It seems that 6 weeks of HIIT training has a positive effect on anti-inflammatory factors, especially IL-10 level in overweight men, while, it has less effect on the level of irisin hormone in these subjects.

Background and Objectives: Identification of the elderly at risk of falls in clinical environments, is performed by Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT). The purpose of this study was to assess the validity and internal reliability of Persian version of JHFRAT.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, translation-back translation method was used to assess validity and reliability of the tool. Elderly individuals (n=70) were evaluated for risk of falls on admission.Results: In this research, the mean age of the elderly individuals, was 72.71±8.1. Of these subjects, 29 were male and 41 were female. History of falls was reported approximately 50% in these elderly subjects. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the tool items was calculated separately. The items had appropriate and positive correlation. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the Persian version of the tool was 0.73.Conclusion: The results indicated that the Persian version of the JHFRAT has appropriate validity and reliability for use in research studies and Iranian elderly population. Therefore, It is recommended that in future studies, other factors affecting the prediction of falls among the elderly population, be investigated.

Background and Objectives: The work-family conflict has many negative consequences, such as absenteeism, employee turnover, and reduced performance. This study aimed to investigate and compare perceived work-family conflict among clinical and non-clinical employees working in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This descriptive analytical cross-sectional study, was conducted on 210 employees working in Shahid Sadoughi educational hospital in Yazd city, 2016. Data collection was performed using Carlson work-family conflict questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out by t -test, Spearman correlation coefficient, and one-way analysis of variance.Results: The mean perceived work-family conflict among the study population in terms of three dimensions of time, pressure, and behavior, were 18.11+4.23, 7.91+5.09, and 18.16+4.71, respectively, which showed a significant difference between clinical and non-clinical employees (p<0.001). Furthermore, perceived work-family conflict had negative correlation with age and work experience of the personnel (r=-0.222, r=-0.237).Conclusion: Given that female employees are more exposed to work-family conflicts compared to male ones, therefore, measures should be taken to decrease work-family conflict level through greater focus on these groups, creating an appropriate supportive environment, and avoiding rigid and inflexible rules.

Background and Objectives: Evaluation of patient’s satisfaction level is an appropriate index of the quality of treatment and it can attract more patients and improve students' practical training process. The aim of this study was to determine the level of patients' satisfaction from the services provided by the Faculty of Dentistry of Qom University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study, was carried out on 388 patients referred to Faculty of dentistry Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2016-2017. A questionnaire including demographic information and patient’s satisfaction in four fields, was filled out by patients. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, t-test, and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient tests.Results: Themean total satisfaction score, was 74.68±8.79 (out of 100). The highest satisfaction score in different fields belonged to respectful treatment of students with patients (4.3±0.6), the observation of hygiene and infection control principles by students and professors (4.3±0.7), hygiene, cleanliness, and adornment of the environment of the wards (4.1±0.8), and lack of delay for payment of treatment (4.0±1.0). The first level of satisfaction was reported to be for the department of restorative dentistry (3.9±0.3). The satisfaction from the Faculty welfare facilities, the manner of dressing up and appearance of female students, the waiting time to enter the departments, and the time spent for the presence of professor to guide the students, were at unfavorable level. Total satisfaction score in the range of 80-100, was considered as favorable satisfaction, in the range of 60-80 as relatively favorable satisfaction, and the score under 60 as dissatisfaction.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the patients' level of satisfaction from the services of the Faculty of dentistry of Qom University of Medical Sciences was at relatively favorable level.

Background and Objectives: To protect the body from destructive effects of oxidants, living organisms have an antioxidant system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic). This system can be affected by many factors, including exercise training. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on gene expression of lymphocyte antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) in healthy inactive men.Methods: In a semi-experimental study, 20 individuals were selected from male students (age, 20 to 25 years) of Yadegare Imam Khomeini Azad University and randomly assigned to 2 groups of exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). The subjects of the exercise group performed resistance training for 8 weeks (3 non-consecutive sessions per week, 60 minutes per session) with intensity of 40-50% 1RM in first weeks and 70-85% 1RM in last weeks. The focus of training protocol was on the core muscles. Blood samples were taken 72 hours before the start of training and 72 hours after the last training session. Date were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levin, independent t-, and dependent t-tests (p<0.05).Results: In this study, resistance training significantly increased the mRNA of SOD enzyme (p=0.022) and decreased the levels of MDA (p=0.001), while had no significant effect on mRNA expression of CAT and GPX (p=0.343 and p=0.373, respectively, for CAT and GPX). Inter-group difference was also seen in MDA levels (p=0.006).Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that 8 weeks of resistance training could increase SOD gene expression and decrease MDA (As an indicator of lipid peroxidation) without any effect on CAT and GPX gene expression.

Background and Objectives: Iron can play an important role in exercise performance of women. The purpose of the present research was to determine the effects of combined exercise training and Feroglobin supplementation on serum iron and lipid profile in Women with iron deficiency anemia.Methods: In this study, 36 trained females with iron deficiency anemia (mean age, 26.8±6.3 years and body mass index, 19.55±4.4kg/m2) of Lahijan city, were selected as subjects and randomly divided into three groups of supplement+combined training, placebo+combined training, and control. Iron level and lipid profile were assessed before and after 8 weeks of combined training program and supplementation. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, one way analysis of variance, and Tukey post hoc test. The significance level was considered to be p<0.05.Results: Eight weeks of Feroglobin supplementation and combined training caused significant increase in iron levels in the supplement group compared to before training and nutritional program and compared to the placebo and control groups (p<0.05). In addition, lipid profile had a significant improvement in both experimental groups compared to before training and supplementation program, which also showed a significant difference from the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Feroglobin supplementation along with combined trainings in women with iron deficiency anemia can cause a significant increase in the iron levels, but it seems it has no significant effect on lipid profile in these subjects.