Psychological Achievements
Year:2011 | Volume:18 | Issue:1|Papers Count:12

This study has been conducted to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics and satisfaction of basic psychological needs with psychological well-being. Three hundred and two students (189 boys and 193 girls) of sanandaj Islamic Azad University, were selected using cluster sampling. Participants big- five- factor of personality (IPIP), basic psychological needs (BPNS) and psychological well-being (SPWB) questionnaires. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the validity of measurement instruments. Using a LISREL model, effects of five factors of personality on psychological well-being whit mediating role of basic psychological needs was investigated Findings indicated that generally assumed model was fitted with data. The effect of extroversion on relation with others, agreeableness with autonomy and competence was significant. Moreover, emotional stability, conscientiousness and openness to experience had positive effect on competence. and the effect of autonomy, competence and relation with others on psychological well-being was significant. Personality characteristics had not direct effect on psychological well-being, but had effect through satisfaction of psychological needs.

The purpose of this study was to examine the casual relationship of psychological capital with positive emotions, psychological well- being, job performance and job engagement. The participants of this study were 263 nurses of public hospitals (228 females; 35 males) in Shiraz. Participants completed Psychological Capital, Task Performance, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Job Engagement, Psychological Well-being and Positive Emotions Questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) through AMOS-18 and SPSS-18 software packages was used for data analysis. Results showed that the overall model fit indices were relatively good. Better fit were obtained by linking the errors of 2 paths. Psychological capital was related positively to psychological well-being, positive emotions, job performance and job engagement and positive emotions was related positively to psychological well-being as well. In addition, positive emotions mediated the relationship between psychological capital and psychological well-being.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between neuroticism, work-family conflict, role overload, procedural justice, distributive justice and job control with job burnout in employees of Ahvaz Gas Company. The participants of the study were 260 employees who completed questionnaire including NEO Personality Inventory, Work-Family Conflict, Role Overload, Organizational Justice, Job Control and job Burnout. The results indicated that there were significant positive relationship between neuroticism, work-family conflict and role overload with job burnout. Moreover, the significant negative relation was found between procedural justice, distributive justice and job control with Job burnout. The hierarchical regression analysis indicated that neuroticism, work-family conflict, role overload, procedural justice, distributive justice and job control accounts for approximately 77% of variance of job burnout. The stepwise regression analysis indicated that neuroticism and procedural justice predicted job burnout significantly.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence, social skills and psychological well- being in Shahid Chamran University female students. The population of this study was all of the female students who were studying in 1387-88 academic year. Among these, 317 students were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. The scales used in this study were Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), Social Skills Inventory (SSI) and Psychological Well-Being (WBI). Simple, canonical and multiple correlations were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that subscales of emotional intelligence and social skills predicted psychological well-being meaning that the more emotional intelligence and social skills that students have, the more psychologically healthy they were. In addition, contrary to the expectations, social sensitivity predicted psychological well-beingm, negatively. Also results of canonical correlation analysis indicated that four canonical variates (canonical dimension) are necessary to understand the association between the two sets of variables.

This research was performed in order to investigate the factor structure of Young Schema Questionnaire-S3 (YSQ-S3) in two groups of clinical and non-clinical samples. The participants consisted of 470 individuals (165 male and 305 female) who were not referred to clinics offering psychological and psychiatry services, and also 82 individuals (37 male and 45 female) who were referred to clinics for psychological and psychiatry services, but have not received any psychotherapy since last two years, who were selected accessible sampling. All subjects completed Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3) and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS). The data was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, discriminate analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient test. By performing factor analysis in non-clinical group, 12 factors were found, of which three factors corresponded fully with Young s 18 factors. For extracted factors, Cronbach s alpha was 0.94, specificity was from 0.57-0.73 and the sensitivity was from 51.20 to 64.60. The concurrent validity coefficient was 0.64 between Dysfunctional Attitude Scale and extracted factors of YSQ-S3. The cut-off points were determined for screening too.

The purpose of this research is to study the normalization of the D48 test on high school Students in Ahvazian and to investigate the validity and reliability of this test in target population. For this purpose, the D48 test was given to 1008 high schools students in Ahwaz (506 boys and 502 girls from 15 to 18 years of age). The D48 test normalized on this sample for Ahwaz high school students. The validity and reliability of the test was studied. The following highlights results in this research obtained: 1) Reliability: A) Test- retest method: r=+0.90 (The time interval was two week). B) Odd-even method: r=+0.91 (corrected by Spearman-Brown formula). 2) Validity: A) Correlation with standard progressive matrices test [SPM]: r= +0.56 (p<.001). B) With mean of grades: r=+0.48 (p<0.001). 3) The difference between the means achieved by boys and girls on D48 were statistically significant at the 0.001 level. Boys scored significantly higher than girls.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between organizational constraints with counterproductive work behaviors among employees of Bid Boland Refinery Gas company. Participants were 251 employees who were selected by stratified sampling method and responded to organizational constraints and counterproductive work behaviors questionnaires. The results indicated that there were significant positive relationships between organizational constraints and counterproductive work behaviors and its facets. More over organizational constraints accounted for 44 percent of counter productive work behavior variance. four facets of organizational constraints including, lack of access to work information, co-workers, role demands and work timing played a greater role in prediction of variance of counterproductive work behaviors.

The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationships between personality characteristics including neuroticism, extroversion, and agreeableness, openness to experience and conscientiousness and job performance of police officers. One hundred forty eight police officers participated in the study and completed research questionnaires. Correlation coefficients indicated that neuroticism was negatively correlated with job performance; conscientiousness, agreeableness, and extraversion were positively correlated with job performance; and no correlation was found between openness and job performance. Regression analysis revealed that among five personality characteristics, conscientiousness and extroversion predicted job performance significantly. Finally, findings based on five factor model of personality have been discussed.

The purpose of this study was to compare Fernald Multisensory and Practice-Repetition in improvement of reading disabilities in students of school. The research was conducted according to quasi- experimental method using pre-test, post-test and control group design. The sample, selected randomly, consisted of 39 students (18 male, 21 female) from grade level 3 with reading disability in Javanrod city in 1385-86 porbipant were divided into 3 groups (education via Fernald Multisensory method, education via Practice- Repetition and the control group). Afterwards, they were matched according to IQ, gender, parents education parents and formal education. The MANCOVA results of the posttest indicated meaningful differences between the groups. The MANCOVA and Tukey tests showed that Fernald Multisensory method was more effective than the control group and Exercise-Repetition group in verbal reading (p<0.001), speed of verbal reading (p<0.001), comprehention (p<0.05). Word reading (p<0.001) and speed of word reading (p<0.001), the results showed that the Exercise-Repetition group also performed better in verbal reading (p<0.01) and word reading (p<0.001) than the control group.

The present study examines the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in improving college students’ self-esteem and self- efficacy. This research based on pretest-posttest control group. A sample of 24 college students who referred to psychological clinic at Ferdowsi university of Mashhad and liked to attend the cognitive-behavioral group therapy that and who earned low scores in Coppersmith’s self-esteem inventory in screening stage, was randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (7 female and 5 male). Experimental group received eight weekly one-and-a-half-hour sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy and control group received no specific intervention. Measurement scales were Coppersmith’s Self-Esteem Scale and Shere’s Self-efficacy Inventory. For analyzing data, Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) has been used. After controlling the baseline scores, the experimental group participants demonstrated significantly higher levels of self-esteem and self-efficacy compared to the control group. It seems that cognitive-behavioral group therapy can enhance self-esteem and self- efficacy in college students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of self-efficacy, language learning orientations and language learning strategies on English academic achievement among third graders of junior High Schools. Participants included 164 (female=83, male=81) students who were selected by cluster random sampling. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The variables were Measured by Sherer s general self-efficacy scale (GSES), language learning orientations scale (LLOS), strategy inventory for language learning (SILL) and a English academic achievement test. Data were using analyzed using SPSS software. Pearson correlation test showed that there was a meaningful and positive relation among self-efficacy, cognitive strategies, meta-cognitive strategies, intrinsic motivation and English academic achievement. There was a meaningful and negative relationship among amotivation orientation and English academic achievement. Also, Stepwise Regression Analyses and Beta Test indicated that amotivation orientation, self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation were the best prediction for English academic achievement. The results of this study indicated the effect of self- efficacy, language learning orientations and language learning strategies on English academic achievement.

The aim of present research was to investigate the effectiveness of narrative counseling on job adjustment and organizational commitment among Isfahan educational employees. The research desing was control group design with pretest and posttest. Statistical population consists of all the Isfahan’s educational employees. The sample consisted of 60 employees. Thirty randomly selected employees were assigned to experimental group and 30 employees to control group. Instruments included Purkabirian’s Job Adjustment Questionnaire and Allen and Mayer’s Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and results showed that narrative counseling has an effect on job adjustment and organizational commitment.