JOURNAL OF SPORT BIOSCIENCE RESEARCHES
Year:2015 | Volume:4 | Issue:15|Papers Count:6

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of strength, core stability and combined (strength and balance) exercise programs on the dynamic balance of elite basketball player girls. Forty eight 18-28 yr basketball players with mean and SD of 64.63±4.17kg and 173.5±5.32cm without any lower extremity injury, randomly divided into four 12 person groups included as strength training, core stability training, combination training and control groups. Before and after exercise program, the SEBT test used to evaluate dynamic balance. Descriptive statistics as well as, paired t test, repeated measure and one way ANOVA with tukey’c post hoc test used for data analysis. The results showed significant increase in reaching distance in all directions after exercise programs. It was also shown that increase in reaching distance following combined exercises was more than that resulting from the balance and strength training, and balance training was better than strength training in improvement of dynamic balance. According to results and athletes special needs for balance during exercise, also as a important factor in the prevention of sports injuries, it can suggested that each of the three training program’s benefit, especially combination training, be used for designing training programs.

General purpose of this study was to compare the effects of strength training with and without vascular occlusion on anaerobic and explosive power in elite athletes and nonathletes. In this regard, 20 Weightlifting and powerlifting men athletes (age: 22.30 ± 1.56 yr) with a history of winning at the provincial level and 20 young non-athletes (22.55 ± 2.29 yr), divided in two homogenous groups (n=10) of vascular occlusion with low-intensity training (20% 1RM) and high-intensity exercise without vascular occlusion (80% 1RM). Training program consisted of 8 weeks (3 sessions per week, each session 60 min) and in total 24 sessions. Before and after 8 weeks training, 30 seconds Wingate test used for evaluation of anaerobic power. KS results indicate that normal data was obtained. Paired t-test used for within groups differences and independent t-test was used to assess differences between two groups. Results showed that in strength athletes, both with and without vascular occlusion training groups had significant improvement and also had not a significant difference in pre-test and posttest with each other. Similarly, results in nonathletes group showed that although both groups of training with and without vascular occlusion had a significant progress compared to their pre-tests, but there was no difference between two groups in pre-test and post-test. In general, it can be concluded that effects of low-intensity strength training with vascular occlusion and traditional high-intensity resistance training on anaerobic power (peak power on Wingate test) were similar in athletes and non-athletes. So, vascular occlusion with low intensity strength training can be used as an alternative to traditional high-intensity training.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate time of day’s effect on strength performance, lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion in young males. Eighteen male university students divided randomly into two groups: group 1 exercise with 80% of 1RM for bench press and 60% of 1RM for back squat movement; group 2 exercise with 60% of 1RM for bench press and 80% of 1RM for back squat movement. Training accomplished in two morning and evening sessions. Subjects of both groups participated in 2 testing sessions. Each session consisted of 4 set to failure for each of the 2 exercises (back squat and bench press). Dependent t-test used for comparing of morning and evening data and independent t-test used for group comparison. Significance level set at p£0.05. Results show that the number of repetition to failure in all sets in both group during bench press and back squat exercise in the afternoon was higher than morning, but it was not significant statistically. The differences between lactate concentration in morning and evening during bench press (80% 1-RM) exercise in all 4 sets were not significant. But during both back squat (60% 1-RM) and bench press (60% 1-RM) exercise in the morning was significantly higher than evening. The differences between lactate concentration in morning and evening during back squat (80% 1-RM) in set 1 was not significant, but in sets 2, 3 and 4 in the morning was significantly higher than evening. Also, perceived exertion rate in both groups during all sets in the morning was significantly higher than evening. It can be concluded that resistance training in evening due to lower lactate concentration and higher number of repetitions to failure is useful than morning training.

Sedentariness and inactivity exposes men to various diseases and premature death. In industrialized societies, most people do not have physical activity. This way of life causes that the number of obese people, inactive people and the risk of liver diseases increase. The aim of this study was reviewing the effect of two weeks detraining after 8 weeks of aerobic training on alanin aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase of inactive men. In this clinical trial,18 inactive men selected and according to aerobic capacity divided to two groups of 9 subject with mean and standard deviation, of age (37.64 ± 4.7, 35.60 ± 2.54 years), weight (79.81 ± 7.66, 84.00 ± 9.79 kg) and height (173.91 ± 4.32, 175.55 ± 5.10 cm) respectively for experimental and control groups. experimental group ran on treadmill for eight weeks, three days a week and 30 minutes each session (the first week started with 50% of heart rate reserve and reached during the eight weeks to 70% of heart rate reserve), Then, training stoped for two weeks. 24 hours before the start of training, 24 hours after the last training session and two weeks after detraining period, Blood was collected from all subjects. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, analysis of variance with repeated measures along with tukey’s post hoc test used for analysis of data(p=0.005). Results showed that detraining caused a significant increase of aspartate aminotransferase (p=0.005) but has no significant effect on decrease of alanine aminotransferase (p=0. 568). It can be concluded that eight weeks of selected aerobic training caused changes in the level of liver enzymes and also two weeks of detraining cause changes in the level of liver enzymes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of post activation potentiation in combination with sprint interval training on athletic performance. Fourteen healthy active male volunteers selected and divided randomly into two groups: Group A (n=7, age = 16.57 ± 0.53 years, height= 178.14 ± 6.67 cm, weight= 66.86 ± 6.82 Kg) and group B (n=7, age = 16.43 ± 0.53 years, height= 173.71 ± 5.68 cm, weight= 61.43 ± 7.78 Kg). Subjects performed sprint interval training 2 days per week for 3 weeks. Also, group A performed isometric contraction for knee extensor muscles as preconditioning protocol in the form of 3 sets with 1 repetition of 3 seconds duration before sprint interval training. Before and after training, speed endurance (6*40 m) and serum lactate dehydrogenase were determined. Blood samples were collected 24 h before first training session and 48 h after final training session to measure serum lactate dehydrogenase concentration. One way ANOVA and Paired-samples t test were used to identify any significant differences and statistical significance was set at p £ 0.05. No significant differences were detected for speed endurance (p=0.38) and LDH (p=0.068) between groups. But two training protocols had increased both speed endurance (p=0.008 and p=0.007, respectively) and LDH concentration (p=0.049 and p=0.048, respectively). Post activation potentiation in the present study failed to improve the effect of sprint interval training on speed endurance.

The aim of the present study was the effects of a short-term period of intense interval training (HIIT) on the aerobic and anaerobic female runners. The subjects of this study were 20 girls (With an average age 24.9±2.65; Stature 167.9±4.94 cm; Weight 59.6±3.3 cm) which for Homogeneous were in both experimental and control groups before and after the exercise protocol assessed the aerobic power and anaerobic power all subjects. Then did the experimental group using the RAST test (Including 6 place running at full power at a distance of 35 meters and place a 10-second recovery measured) for two weeks and finally re-test was conducted after the exercise protocol on all subjects. Used to determine the difference between pretest and posttest each of the study groups from statistical methods dependent t and to compare the changes between the study groups independent t-test. After analysis of data, the results showed there is a significant difference in the experimental group, in the pretest-posttest in the aerobic and anaerobic power. While was not observed a significant difference in the control group. Considering the results, in long term be done if you continuously these exercises likely appears improve them to be more clear.