INNOVATION & CREATIVITY IN HUMAN SCIENCE
Year:2017 | Volume:6 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

Background: Today, ranking and classifying the societies and nations are based on knowledge production which is resulted from individuals' creativity.According to Maslow, creativity can be interpreted as self-emerging, and as a special person by which creative problem solving can be increased through the best way. The main purpose of this study is to define the relationship between the skill of problem solving and creativity with moderating curricular self-efficacy.Method: It is a descriptive-surveying research. The statistical population consisted of all students in Dushanbe, using the Cocran formula of whom 250 participants were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using Happner-Peterson's problem-solving skill Inventory (1982), Owen-Froman's Academic Self-efficacy Scale (1998), and Abedi's Test of Creativity (1983).Findings: Findings showed that presumed causative model had acceptable goodness fitness and 32 percent of variance of students' creativity is explained.Also, findings showed that the skill of problem-solving could positively affect the creativity and affect indirectly students' creativity through curricular self-efficacy meaning that the curricular self-efficacy could be acted as a moderator for the skill of problem solving and creativity.

Purpose: The aim of the current research was to investigate the relationship between three specific executive abilities–updating, shifting, and inhibition– and mood and creativity.Method: In the descriptive (correlation) study, 120 volunteer students (51 male, 70 female) answered the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) and Torrance test of creative thinking figural form B (TTCT), then three different types of executive functions were assessed by n-back test, Wisconsin card sorting test and simple strop test in psychometrics laboratory.Results: The result of the research indicated that there is a positive meaningful relationship between positive mood and creativity. Moreover, in positive mood updating predicted creativity and inhibition predicted originality but not fluency or elaboration of ideas and shifting unable to predict the component of creativity.Findings: The findings provide direct support for the executive involvement in creative thought and the role of positive mood that may facilitate updating and inhibition to new idea generation. We conclude that creative thought does not solely depend on spontaneous thought processes, but strongly relies on controlled top-down activity.

Objective: The present study has examined the effectiveness of the concept maps teaching-learning strategy in teaching 6th grade elementary school students on the creative component in Poldasht.Method: This research was a quasi-experimental research and research design used in this study, was pretest and post-test with comparison group. The population in this research, including 6th grade students in the academic year 94-93 in Poldasht that their number are 703 (374 male students and 329 female students). Subjects have included the 6th grade elementary school students in 4 classes (2 classes with male students, and 2 classes with female students). Of these, one of the classes as experimental girl schools and one secondary school classes, as the control group were selected. Also, one of classes of schoolboys as the experimental group and another second-boys school classes, as the control group were selected. To measure student math anxiety Shokrani Math Anxiety Questionnaire was used. Validity of the questionnaire confirmed by three experts, and internal reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.77. Analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 18 software. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods including UNIANCOVA, were used.Results: Results showed that there is a significant difference in the experimental and control groups in terms of creativity and components of fluency, originality and elaboration. But flexible component not found significant differences between the experimental and control groups.Conclusion: The results showed that the use of concept maps teaching-learning strategies in teaching science was effective to enhance creativity and increase fluid, innovation and the development components of creativity but flexible component has no effect. Also, the average of flexibility in boys is more than that of girls.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of self-conscious emotions (pride, shame, guilt) on the level of creativity of the students in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.This study is an applied research by purpose and it is a survey research by method.The statistical population for this research includes Ferdowsi University of Mashhad’s post-graduate students. A questionnaire consisting of 40 questions with answers ranging 1 to 5 on the Likert scale was used as a means for data gathering. The 272 questionnaires were collected by using random sampling. To assure content validity a pilot test was performed. Construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. In order to test reliability, Cronbach’s alpha and the composite reliability coefficient were measured. For the analysis of data, structural equations modeling and partial least squares were used.Results: The result from hypothesizes assessment show that the authentic pride (0.346), hubristic pride (-0.195), shame (-0.177), guilt (0.204) have an effect on students’ creativity. Since the significant number for these entire variable are out of the range of±1/96, it can be said that all four hypothesizes are approved.Conclusions: The findings show that authentic pride and guilt have a significant positive effect on creativity while hubristic pride and shame have a significant negative effect on creativity.

Theme: Understanding the importance of organizational creativity, organizations, today, have increasingly focused on it, and this has led to a great number of articles found in journals on organizational creativity.Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of training based on creative problem solving (CPS) on creative thinking of Kosar Credit Institute employees.Method: This work was conducted to use a pre-test and post-test model with a control group. Population consisted of all Kosar Credit Institute employees, 27 of which were selected by availability sampling method, and were put in a test group and a control group by random substitution. The instrument required to conduct this research was a researcher-made open-ended test of learning organizational resilience. The impact score of this test was calculate using of a group of target population which indicating the face validity of the test. The content validity was obtained equal to 0.87 by expert and professors of psychology with CVR method and examiners reliability was obtained0.89, 0.83, 0.84, 0.80, respectively for fluency expansion flexibility and originality. In order to conduct the research, a 5-session lesson plan was used to teach by CPS. The learners’ responses were analyzed using Torrance (1969) criteria of creative thinking via quantitative content analysis method. The results obtained through analysis of covariance were analyzed using SPSS statistics software program.Findings: Results indicated that CPS-based training generally influenced creative thinking components (p<0.05). Also, the effect of CPS technique is significant on increasing learners’ all creative thinking components distinctively except expansion component (p<0.05). However, the expansion component is insignificant by a subtle difference (0.059).Conclusion: Considering the research findings, using the techniques of CPS method in classroom can help increase the learners’ creative problem solving capability.

Background: In the modern world, knowledge and its management is one of the most important necessities of every educational institute where managers play vital roles.Objective: The present study has investigated the relationship between managerial skills and knowledge management mediated by creative thinking among Isfahan high school managers and teachers in the academic year 94-95.Method: The population of this research is the school managers and teachers of high schools. The research used an applied and a correlational-descriptive method.The sampling was a proportional classified to size. To calculate the samples' size, Cochran formula and Morgan tables were used.185 managers answered to Torrence's Creative Thinking Questionnaire by 0.88 reliability and 370 teachers answered to managerial skills and knowledge management questionnaires based on Katz and Nonnka's theory by a reliability of 0.97. The collected data were analyzed by Lizerel and SPSS software.Results: The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between managerial skills and knowledge management.Conclusion: Implementation of knowledge management system requires managerial skills. In this vein, creative thinking can have a mediating role.

Background: Creativity is an effective key agent in the domain of social science, psychology and educational activities. In the modern world, survival and success of human activities in the different domains depend on their creativity. Creativity is standing on different factors such as psychological capital and achievement motivations.Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find a relationship between the psychological capital and students’ creativity considering the mediation of achievement motivation.Method: The research methodology was descriptive-correlational, and structural equations modeling also was used. For descriptive analysis of data between mean, standard deviation and inferential analysis technics, path analysis was used. The statistical population of the research included all undergraduate and graduate institutions of higher education in Higher Education Center of Samangan. The number of statistical population in the basis of Cochran Formula is 240 persons selected with stratified random sampling method. The data collector tools contained Lathans psychological capital, achievement motivation Hermes and Abedi creativity questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was in an acceptable level.Findings: The findings of this research showed that: 1. three factors of psychological capital, including hopefulness, self-efficacy and optimism, positively and significantly were related with achievement motivation, 2.achievement motivation had a positive significant effect on creativity, and 3.psychological capital with mediation of achievement motivation, had an indirect positive effect on creativity.Conclusion: Standing on research findings, increasing of psychological capitals of students by universities, enhances their achievement motivation and creativity, through them, the efficiency and productivity procedure of society’s activities improved.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between decisionmaking styles of managers and creativity, and participatory management in junior secondary schools of Ghaemshahr.Method: The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study consists of all schools' managers of Ghaemshahr. The sample consists of 78 subjects. Research instruments were three questionnaires of decision-making styles of Moghadamzadeh and Tehrani (1387), participatory management of Moghimi (1381) and creativity of Sanatizadeh (1389). For analysis of data, descriptive statistics methods (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and statistical illation (correlation coefficient test, t-test, stepwise regression and variance) are used.Results: The results showed that the components of the decision-making styles, Rational and Annie components have a significant and positive relationship with creativity. Also Results showed that from the components of decision-making styles, only intuitive has a significant positive relationship with participatory management and, there is a significant positive relationship between creativity and participatory management. Also Results showed that the components of a rational and Annie were the better predictor for creativity and also intuitive component is the better predictor for participatory management.

Background: One of the consents in the pathology of communication phenomena is "no mobile phobia". The recent studies show that most of people cannot live without mobile and more than half of the mobile users suffering from kind of psychological disease that named "no mobile phobia".Purpose: This study has studied this phenomenon in Iranian society and especially in Tehran.Methodology: The statistical population is all of the people who live in Tehran and the sample size is 250 and the method is based on face to face questionnaire.In this research, the mobile consumption pattern means the amount of consumption of different dimension of mobile among Tehran residents.Results: The result of study shows that there is a relationship between consumption pattern and "no mobile phobia".