JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Year:2020 | Volume:18 | Issue:82 |Papers Count:14

Background: The autism spectrum disorder makes lots of tensions in family. The mothers of these children as main caregivers experience emotional challenges. But can the family resilience training be effective on quality of life and mental health of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder? Aims: The aim of this study was determination of the effectiveness of family resilience training on quality of life and mental health of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Method: This research was quasi-experimental study with the design of pre-test-post-test with control group. The statistical population of the research were the mothers of autistic children, living in Tehran in 2018. From this population one sample of 20 persons by the available sampling method were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. Both groups gave pre-test and then experimental group received the family resilience training program in 9 sections but any intervention was not performed on control group. The instruments were the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Goldberg & Hiller Mental Health Questionnaire (1972). Results: The obtained data were analyzed by using multivariable analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The result showed that family resilience training program was effective on the quality of life and mental health of mothers (P>0/05). Conclusions: According to the finding of the present study, it can be concluded that family resilience training program can increase the quality of life and mental health of mothers of autistic children.

Background: Marital Satisfaction is one of the greatest significant criteria for healthy family functioning that impairment can affect its performance for any reason, but the question is whether marital enrichment program can improve the quality of marital satisfaction or not? Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of marital enrichment program on improving quality of marital satisfaction of couples affected by trauma in the thirteenth district of Kabul city. Method: The design of this study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population consisted of all couples affected by the accident between the ages of 20 and 40 years in the thirteenth (13th) district of Kabul city and the control group (couples) were assigned. Among them, 34 couples were selected as available sample and randomly assigned to two investigational and control groups (Experimental group 19 and control group 15 pairs). Inclusion criteria comprised age ranging from 20 to 40 years, at least diploma education, minimum one year of shared life, attending treatment sessions, no illness, and exclusion criteria include reluctance to continue research cooperation, missing more than 1 session, and participating in other treatment and counseling programs. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 100 minutes training package on marital enhancement and the Budenmen and Shantinath couples (2004) and the control group did not receive any intervention during this time. Subjects were assessed in the pre-test and post-test stages using the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire designed by Forz and Elson (1989). Results: According to the follow-up results after one month, there was a significant difference between the test group and the control group regarding the quality of marital relationship. Its dimensions (p<0/001). Conclusions: The effectiveness of this program has improved the quality of marital satisfaction of couples affected by trauma and terrorist attacks.

Background: Improving mirror neurons as a mediating role can improve motor skills learning that participatory exercises are used to achieve this goal. But the key question is, can participatory exercises be offered to improve the function of mirror neurons and improve swimming skills in children with autism spectrum? Aims: To compare the effect of comparing individual and participatory exercises on learning swimming skills in children with ASD. Method: The study was a quasi-experimental or pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of 7-14 year-old boys with high performance Asperger's and autism. Sample title selected. Tools include the Gars Autism Severity Scale (1994) and electroencephalography. Two groups of individual and participatory training were trained in swimming skills for 8 weeks (two sessions per week) and finally the pretest as a covariance variable was evaluated. The results were analyzed by covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that both groups had improved mirror neurons post-test, but the intervention group had significantly improved mirror neurons' performance after intervention and the difference between The two groups were significantly in favor of the binary exercise group. Also, swimming learning was significantly improved in the binary training group and the difference between the two groups in the improvement of swimming skill was significantly in the binary group. Significance level was considered P<0/05 for all variables. Conclusions: In order to improve motor symptoms in children with autism spectrum, we can focus on enhancing the functional abilities of mirror neurons through participatory exercises.

Background: Games play an important role in nurturing children's creativity. The important question is: Do stretching games affect children's creativity? Aims: To compare the effect of stretching games on increasing the creativity of boys and girls. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental. The statistical population consisted of 2978 students studying in kindergartens of 1, 6, 12 districts of Tehran. 341 persons including 153 girls and 188 boys were selected through random sampling. The tools include the Torrance (1974) Creative Thinking Practice and Motion Test and the Torrance (1974) Creative Thinking Practice Test. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Results: Creativity was more effective in boys than boys' traction games (0/05). Conclusions: Stretching games can have a positive effect on enhancing children's creativity.

Background: The main feature in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder is the existence of challenging patterns, tendencies, or behaviors. Challenging behaviors are behaviors that endanger or distance the child from social relationships. The question now is, does a painting therapy based mindfulness help with challenging behaviors in children with high function Autism? Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluating the effectiveness of painting therapy program based mindfulness on challenging behaviors of high-functioning autism children Method: The research method was experimental with pretestposttest design with control group. The statistical population of this research is all studets with high function autism the exceptional schools of Ardebil city in the academic year of 2018-2019, among which 30 students with high function autism were selected through available sampling method and was replaced randomly assigned to the experimental group (n= 15) and control group (n= 15). Participants in the experimental group received 10 sessions of painting therapy based mindfulness. Challenging Behavior Scale Bourke-Taylor, Howie & Law (2010), was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that the research hypothesis of the effectiveness of a painting therapy based mindfulness program on the challenging behaviors of children with high function autism was confirmed and the children with high function autism in the experimental group compared to students with high function autism in the control group had significantly less challenging behaviors in post-test (p<0/01). Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of painting therapy program based mindfulness can reduce the challenging behaviors of children with high function autism.

Background: Fundamental psychological needs fulfillment are assumed to be major determinants of subjective well-being. Discovering the relationships of these variabeles implecation and education importance. But the important point is that mediating role of hope and future prospects in these relationships has not been examined. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between basic psychological needs and subjective well-being with the mediating role of hope and future perspective of students. Method: The current research population of Khorram Abad secondary school students is 240 people who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. In this study, fundamental psychological needs scale for measuring fundamental psychological needs variable, two life satisfaction questionnaires, and positive and negative affective for measuring the variables of subjective well-being, life hope scale for hoping variable and time perspective questionnaire for measuring future perspective. Results: The results of structural equation modeling showed that fundamental psychological needs is related both directly with subjective well-being and indirectly predicts subjective well-being through its impact on hope and future prospects (p<0/001). Conclusions: The results of this research emphasize the importance of recognizing the role of fundamental psychological needs, hope, and future prospects on students' subjective well-being.

Background: Mental health and quality of life have a significant impact on the lives of inactive elderly women. But the main question is which yoga and Pilates exercises have the greatest impact on the mental health and quality of life of disabled older women? Aims: To compare the effectiveness of a Pilates and yoga training course on general health and quality of life in sedentary elderly women. Method: It was a quasi-experimental type. The statistical population consisted of sedentary elderly women residing in Tehran, 36 persons were selected by Targeted and accessible and were randomly divided into three groups of 12 pilates, yoga and control. The instruments included: at the beginning and end of the intervention, Goldberg and Hiller mental health questionnaires (1978), World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (1996) and Pilates, Vincasanders et al. (2013). Data analysis was performed using covariance analysis and follow-up test. Results: Pilates and yoga training improved mental health and quality of life in sedentary elderly women (p<0/05); there was no significant difference between these two exercise methods in quality of life variable (p<0/05) but This difference was significant (p<0/05) in mental health variable and yoga practice had more significant effect. Conclusions: Yoga and Pilates exercises can be used to increase the mental health and quality of life of sedentary elderly women.

Background: Hope is one of the most important issues in elderly life. But the key question is: which mindfulness training and drug therapy work best for the elderly? Aims: To compare the effect of mindfulness education approach on hope in elderly women with Alzheimer's disease. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study using pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population was all women with mild Alzheimer's disease living in Qazvin sanatoriums in 1396. 27 of them were selected by random sampling and divided into two experimental and one control group. The tools are: Schneider et al. (1991) Adult Hope Scale and Mindfulness-Based Therapy Protocol (Rahmani Fard, Sheriff Kouche & Cross-Border, 1396). Results were analyzed by one way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was a significant difference between the effectiveness of mindfulness treatment and drug therapy (p<0/01). Conclusions: Mindfulness training can be used to increase the hope of older women with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Ultimate Seeking is the factors that cause disorganized compromise and the difference between couples. The efficacy of couples therapy and acceptance based therapy on different variables in the lives of couples has been confirmed, but the main issue is that what therapy for couples is go undetected compromise? Aims: Comparing the effectiveness of couple therapy and acceptance-based therapy on the final of couples ' go undetected compromise. Method: The research was semiexperimental with pretest and posttest design with control group. The statistical population of the study included all couples compromise go undetected in Shiraz who referred to the family Court of Shiraz in 2018. Of this population, 90 people were selected as available and randomly divided into three groups (30 participants), 1, 2, and control. The tool includes acceptancebased treatment protocols (Khanjani, and the colleagues, 2016), Couples therapy (Razavi nemat Elahi et al., 2013), and the ultimate and Terry shorts questionnaire Karan, 1995). For three groups, the pre-test was performed, then intervention of couples therapy and acceptance-based therapy for two groups of experimental study, but for the control group, no intervention was applied. The results were analyzed by covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that there was a significant effect between behavioral therapy and acceptance-based therapy on the final of couples (p= 0/001). There was a significant difference between the two treatments in terms of final effect (P= 0/001). Therefore, acceptance-based therapy has a greater effect on the final reduction of negative seeking and final increase of positive seeking. (P<=0/05). Conclusions: it can be used for final reduction of negative seeking and final increase of positive seeking from acceptance-based treatment.

Background: Much research has pointed to the effectiveness of individualized schema therapy on early maladaptive schemas of traditional and industrial drug users, but there is a research gap in the methadone treatment group in Birjand. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group schema therapy on early maladaptive schemas of traditional and industrial drug addicts in Birjand city. Method: Patients were treated at the Omide Farda Addiction Treatment Center. Among the patients present at the center, 45 met the inclusion criteria and were selected based on the available sample and replaced in three groups, Traditional drug users (n = 15), industrial drug users (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). The tools for collecting this data were Yang Short Form (1994) early maladaptive schema questionnaire. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis Experimental groups received 8 sessions of Schema Therapy training from Gholamrezaie and Tehranchi Therapy Scheme (2016) and Tehranchi (2016). Results: The results showed that the effect of group schema therapy on the improvement of early maladaptive schemas was significant (p<0/05). Conclusions: Using group schema therapy can improve the early maladaptive schemas of traditional and industrial methadone drug users.

Background: Identification of psychological components is one of the factors that influence individualorganization fit. But the main question is what are the psychological components to the fit of the organization in the Agricultural Bank? Aims: To identify the psychological components of individualorganization fit. Method: The research is based on the interpretation paradigm research paradigm with qualitative approach and phenomenological research strategy, hidden content analysis of data from library sources, open questionnaires and interviews. Based on the theoretical data saturation method, 15 university professors, managers and banking experts were selected based on theoretical data saturation. The research tools are: interview and questionnaire of psychological components of Naderi (2011). A qualitative approach with inductive methods was used to analyze the data. Results: Out of the 42 initial codes, 20 were obtained from the research literature, all of which were replicated in the interview by experts. In other words, all the codes obtained from the research literature were in line with those of the experts. Conclusions: Psychological components can influence individual-organization fit.

Background: Unhealthy nutritional attitudes and emotion regulation difficulties are among the most important problems among young people, but the key question is whether natural cognition plays a mediating role in emotion regulation difficulties and nutritional attitudes? Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of natural misery in predicting nutritional attitudes based on emotion regulation difficulties. Method: It was a descriptive-correlational one and was performed on 130 students of Payam Noor Najafabad University who were selected by available sampling method. Research questionnaires included Toronto Natural Intelligence Scale (1994), Garner & Garfinkel (1979) Nutrition Attitude Scale, and Gratz & Roemer (2004) Emotion Regulation Scale. Data were analyzed using structural equation method. Results: The results showed that direct path coefficients between predictor (emotion regulation difficulties) and criterion variable (nutritional attitudes) were not significant (p>0/05), but indirect path coefficients between These variables were significant with mediation of natural odor (p<0/05). Conclusions: Natural curiosity mediates the prediction of nutritional attitudes based on the difficulty of emotion regulation, which demonstrates the role of natural curiosity in emotion regulation and improvement of nutritional attitudes.