EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:6 |Papers Count:15

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to construct and validate the scale to assess Iranian approach to lifelong learning in medical students.Methods: This study is descriptive (non-experimental) in terms of data collection methods and research and development in terms of purpose. In item analysis, Pearson correlation and confirmatory factor analysis method was used. The Primary instrument was developed based on conceptual analysis and similar instruments. The study population included undergraduate students of Iran and Tehran Universities’ of Medical Sciences and who were enrolled in the academic year 2016-2017 and by using clustering sampling methods a sample of 350 of them were selected.Results: Content validity of the test was confirmed by the experts of educational psychology. The results of scare plot and parallel analysis discovered three factors as infrastructure factors. Confirmatory factor analysis also showed good fit with the three factor model. The negative significant correlation (-0.51) of test scores were confirmed by external motivation of learning and positive significant correlation (0.54) were confirmed by intrinsic motivation of learning. The reliability of the whole test was obtained 0.73 by using Cronbach's alpha method and its reliability coefficient was obtained 0.89 with re-test method.Conclusions: As a result of validating analysis, three underlying factors (with 14 items) were established as constituent components of lifelong learning approach: Goal setting (6 items), self-directing and self-assessment (5 items) and using the knowledge (3 items). This scale can be used in different studies to determine relationships and its prediction.

Background and Aims: Self-Directed learning readiness defined as a degree that students attitudes, abilities, and personality traits need to learn self-directed. The aim of this study was to determine the status of self- directed learning readiness and its associated contextual factors among Kermanshah University of medical sciences students.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 students of Kermanshah University of medical sciences. Simple randomized sampling method was used with probability proportional to size in each school. Data collection was performed by using the Fishers self-directed learning readiness questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 and using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (chi-square and t-test), at 0.05 significance level.Results: The mean age of students was 23.13±2.92 years old: %41.7 of students were in a high readiness to self- directed learning. Female students and those, whose mothers had university education had higher readiness to self- directed learning (P<0.05).Conclusions: Less than half of the students had high readiness to self- directed learning, these findings point to the importance of self- directed learning teaching among students.

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the acceptance of mobile learning among students of Tabriz University and Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2015-2016.Methods: The research is descriptive.286 students of Tabriz University and Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were selected based on simple random sampling method. The researcher made questionnaires was used for collecting data.The reliability of questionnaires was obtained (0.79) based on Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis, inferential statistics (multivariate linear regression) were used by using SPSS 19 software.Results: The Results showed that the perceived efficacy, perceived ease of use and attitude towards learning through mobile applications are effective factors in Learning. However, variables of support, self-efficacy and trust in attitudes towards learning via mobile phones have not been affected the acceptance of mobile learning.Also variables of trust, perceived ease of use and support are effective for the decision to use mobile; but in contrast the application of the system and the perceived usefulness were ineffective on the decision to use the mobile for learning.Conclusions: According to the results, usefulness has the biggest influence on attitudes towards learning through mobile. So, before applying mobile in education, usefulness of mobile learning was increased by developing strategies to adapt the efficiency of this type of educational system with the areas of economic, social and….On the other hand, confidence is one the effective factors on the acceptance of mobile learning. Based on this result the university can present organized content based on Mobile learning formats.

Background and Aims: According to the important role of the psychological variables on students various dimensions of health and academic performance, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the positive and negative perfectionism with Emotional well-being and academic Engagement in nurse’s students.Methods: The Design of this study is descriptive and correlation. The statistical population of this study included all nursing students in Arak city. Research sample was consisted of 365 nursing students of Arak city, which were selected by available sampling method from nursing faculties. Data collecting was conducted by using Terry-short and et al positive and negative perfectionism questionnaire, Keyes & Magyar-Moe Emotional well-being scale and Fredricks and et al academic engagement questionnaire. For data analysis the Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression were used with inter method.Results: Results of Pearson correlation showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between positive perfectionism with emotional well-being and academic engagement (P<0.001). Also, there is a negative and significant correlation between negative perfectionism with emotional well-being and academic engagement (P<0.001). According to the modified R2, the positive and negative perfectionism was able to explain %32 of the academic engagement and %12 of emotional well-being variance in nursing students.Conclusions: According to the findings of present research, it can be said that perfectionism plays an important role in students' academic performance and general well-being and is required to pay more attention of educational authorities to the importance of discussions and psychological interventions and counseling on improving the performance and the health of students.

Background and Aims: Despite the widespread application of empowerment models, its various dimensions and components in higher education is not clear enough. The aim of this study is to identify dimensions and components of academic human resource empowerment of third and fourth generation of universities, and consequently, presents a conceptual model based on it.Methods: In this research in addition to the documentary study, the Fuzzy Delphi technique was used to refine the factors and components. The survey was carried out in four steps in 2016, and results of each stage have been refined using fuzzy Delphi method formulas.Results: Staff and faculty empowerment model at the entrepreneurial and value creating universities, in four dimensions and 22 components for faculties and 23 components for staff of the higher education system has been designed, and provided as a model for empowering the human resources of universities in Iran.Conclusions: Presented model in this study, can evaluate empowerment of human resource of universities with approach of stablishing of third and fourth gneration universities, and and according to utilizing the backing a rich literature on the subject and various quantitative models, and measurable indicators, and using expert's opinions of empowerment, is an opportunity for universities to analyze the situation and benchmarking of successful experiences, act for presenting plans and actions to improvement.

Background and Aims: High-risk behaviors endanger the health and well-being of individuals. Therefore, it is important to recognize its effective factors. Therefore this study aimed to explain student - teachers high-risk behaviors based on academic identity and academic motivation.Methods: The research method was a descriptive-correlation, and the statistical population consists of all male student– teachers (n=500) at Farhangian University of Sabzevar in 2016-2017 and 220 students were selected using available sampling method and using the Cochran formula. Academic identity status questionnaire, academic motivation scale and Iranian youth high-risk behaviors scale were used for data gathering. Data analysis was performed using the multiple regression analysis (stepwise) and software SPSS version 16.Results: The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between academic identity achievement with smoking and sex and followering academic identity with sex (p>0.05). There is a significant negative relationship between internal motivation with smoking and sex (p>0.01). Stepwise regression analysis showed academic identity achievement and academic identity follower predict Smoking and sex components. Also, intrinsic motivation predict smoking and sex components of high-risk behaviors.Conclusions: Academic identity and academic motivation are predictors of high-risk behaviors in students.

Background and Aims: 40% of those advanced societies are suffering from job burnout. Job Burnout is caused by strain and stress which are effective in person's organizational role. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and job stress with job burnout among faculty members in medical sciences universities of Iran.Methods: This study is a descriptive correlational research that included 231 faculty members who were teaching in medical sciences schools between the academic year 2015 and 2016.136 sample were determined by Morgan table. Data were collected using standard questionnaires including Maslach Job Burnout, job stress and Neo questionnaires (Short Form of Lycra Costa Mac). The data were analyzed in two parts of descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: There is a significant relationship between individual and organizational tensions with job burnout. It can be significantly observed between personality traits and job burnout, individual and organizational tensions. However, there was no correlation between individual tension and the demographic, organizational tension and job burnout, but men and women are different in terms of personality features while women were more loyalty and acceptability than men.Conclusions: Individual and organizational tensions are effective among faculty members ‘job burnout in medical sciences university of Iran. Taking into account the personal characteristics, this effect varies per person that does not have any relationship with the demographics.

Background and Aims: Human rights protect the dignity and liberty of every human being, therefore governments should direct their education and training towards promoting the enjoyment of human rights. This study aimed to develop a human rights curriculum for higher education in the Islamic Republic of Iran.Methods: Based on the qualitative design and case study methodology, to determine the necessary elements for developing a human rights curriculum, the opinion of professors and experts of law and social sciences in Shahid Beheshti, Isfahan, Shiraz, and Kerman universities was obtained by using an open-ended and semi-structured questionnaire with purposeful sampling and theoretical saturation technique. Then, the obtained data were categorized and organized into basic, organizing, and global themes by using N-Vivo software which created a thematic network. The triangulation method was used to validate the qualitative data.Results: A human rights curriculum (global theme) has some dimensions such as content, logic, goals, methods, and learning environment as organizing themes, and each of these has different levels and various basic themes that should be considered in developing a human rights curriculum.Conclusions: Human rights are realized through conscious and continuous demands for the rights of all individuals and learning, understanding, protecting and respecting these rights are vital for their realization. Therefore, educating about human rights plays a major role in the persistent protection of human rights and fighting against their violation and it is an important investment in achieving a society in which all people are respected and valued.

Background and Aims: Practical and proportional education of legal issues in the midwifery is important as a result of covering a wide range of health care services.This study aimed to present and integrate the student-centered participatory teaching method and provide an educational package in order to improve the quality of the legal and medical law course in midwifery.Methods: This was a case-control study. Statistical population consists of 90 midwifery students. Three researcher made questionnaires: "evaluation the unit of rights and forensic in midwifery, knowledge of students about of forensic medicines issues in midwifery and student satisfaction of the workshop" was used for collecting data. Finally, to describe the data SPSS-20 software, descriptive statistical methods, t-test and Wilcox on tests were used.Results: According to the results the average score of student's knowledge in forensic issues in midwifery had increased significantly (P<0.005) after the workshop (14.05 of 18) compared to before the workshop (4.8 of 18). About the educational package the 80% of students considered the contents of the curriculum to be appropriate for training and expressed that the package could be used as a source of educational assistance available to enhance their legal activities.Conclusions: According to the results, using combination learnin method, holding a participatory student-centered workshop and presenting a supplementary educational package can improve the quality of law and forensics course in midwifery.

Background and Aims: The aim of successor planning is to prepare and train talented personnel in organizations for strategic and key positions. Accordingly, the issue of successor planning is one of the most important issues in every organization. It is clear that there need to be proper rudiments and preliminary conditions for successful implementation of any program in organizations. This survey aimed to investigate the amount and level of preparation and readiness of Ardebil Azad university’s staff for successor planning in 2015-2016.Methods: The research method is descriptive and applied in terms of purpose.The required information were collected using Durkim questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of all the 400 staffs of Ardebil Azad University from which 200 were chosen randomly by using Morgan table. A questionnare whose reliability and validity were set using Chronbakh, was used as data collecting tool. The data were analysed by using spss18 software and t-test.Results: The results of data analysis and its effective factors (policy making, candidate assesment, candidate development and successor planing assesment) showed that university’s readiness for successor Planning was quite high.Conclusions: It can be concluded that the readiness of the studied university to execute the successor planning is higher than the desired level. As a result, the university can enhance the necessary skills for proper management in prone individuals, by using this appropriate capacity.

Background and Aims: The purpose of this study is to explain and validate the components and indicators of internationalization of virtual colleges.Methods: This is an applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive analytical study in terms of method. In the first stage, with the comparative exploratory approach and the study of literature, the stages of the internationalization process of education and its components have been identified. Then, the components were validated by independent t-test (100 samples), In the next step, by using the Delphi method, indicators for these dimensions were introduced (20 samples) and Finally, they have been explored and verified by presenting structural models (250 samples).Results: The results of the components’ validation show that the level of optimal adequacy in all components is more than 0.05, the zero assumption which is the international optimal adequacy, is approved; therefore, 13 components have been introduced as effective dimensions of internationalization of education. Then, by using the Delphi technique, 41 indicators were introduced as effective indicators, and validated by using structural equation modeling.Conclusions: Indicators and optimal components of internationalization of education have been studied and analyzed, and it has been attempted to provide the base in which by introducing these dominant indicators, the virtual colleges are designed and realized.