TRANSLATION STUDIES
Year:2012 | Volume:10 | Issue:37|Papers Count:17

Predicate IS one of the mom components of sentence that gives a description about the subject and its grammatical form is dictated by the subject. Depending on the kind of the verb used in the predicate structure and on the way grammatical and semantic meanings are expressed, predicate s may take different forms: verbal, nominal, simple, and non­ simple. This type of classification for the predicate exists in both Russian and Persian. Russian linguists study the issue of predicate mainly in verbs, while in Persian the majority of linguists consider predicate to be anything expressed about the subject of the sentence. Pissicov, a Russian linguist, gives a new classification for predicates in Persian which facilitates the selection of equivalent for predicate structures in both Languages. Accordingly, one may compare the nominal predicate in the majority of cases in both Russian and Persian Languages and find appropriate equivalents for verbal predicates.

This paper considers the concept of manipulation and rewriting in translation in general, and Zabiholla Mansouri's translation in particular.One aim of the study is to establish whether translation done by Mansouri should be regarded as manipulation, rewriting, or pseudo translation .Using descriptive translation studies (DTS) as an investigation tool and Lambert and Van Gorp's model as an evaluation tool which evaluates translation on preliminary data, macro-level, micro-level and systematic context, and considering sample translation (Nabokov's Lolita) done by Mansouri as an individual case study, this paper aims at explaining and investigating more closely the practice of manipulation and rewriting strategies adopted by Mansouri and causes, reasons and consequences of the application of these strategies in translation.

Using a courpus including five translations of Animal Farm by George Orwell (1983), this paper tried to specify the structures used in Persian for translating English passive structures and the potentials of Persian were put forward to the translators. The tructures used with different frequencies in Persian were categorized to 11 types that can be an indication of the Translaors' styles.

Translation of political texts, more often than not, involves something more than a mere transference of the facts. Just as the author of a political text intends to convey his/her commissioner's ideology to the reader and disseminate his view, the translator may use the chance, cultivating another preferred ideology in the text during the process of translation, which generally tends to alter the initial ideology. The issue proves particularly significant when. the text is a piece of news, relating to critical ideologies, translated only to be broadcasted to the public.This study sought to scrutinize the impact of the dominant ideology on translation of political media news through critical discourse analysis. The study first presented an introduction to the critical issues of ideology, media, and translation. After reviewing the specified framework as well as listing the manipulation strategies identified so far, the strategies were traced in a collection of translated pieces of political news, relating to the state's either communal or opposite ideologies, translated by Iranian governmental agencies.Upon analyzing the data, the most working strategies, as well as two new ones, were identified; a pattern of manipulation was detected as being visible in all translated pieces of news; and the translators' treatment dealing with various ideologically significant parts was explained.

History of translation theories, from time to time may experience release of a book that turns out to be highly influential in the evolution of this discipline. One of such works is "Comparative stylistics of French and English" by Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet. Among other works on translation theories, the book enjoys a preeminent position. It has been so influential that some scholars of translation studies working on different linguistic expressions have also imitated its model and published their own books. In their work, Vinay and Darbelnet have proposed seven translation procedures.This paper is based on one of those seven procedures (Transposition) to review some changes when translating from French into Persian and vice versa. Furthermore, we have also devised a questionnaire to evaluate the position of translation theories in students' view.

Specialized and in particular technical translation is an underexplored area in translation theory and applied translation studies and teaching. Thus, few studies exist in literature to serve quality improvement in technical translation and technical translation teaching. In the second half of the twentieth century, Holmes put forward a new theory in his map - descriptive translation studies. Such descriptive studies came into practice when Toury proposed his DTS model in 7995 and revolutionized the dominant prescriptive studies of the time. DTS approach attempts to identify universals, laws and norms of translation and generally a theory of translation through corpus analysis and comparative study of parallel texts.However, the movement has so far been most beneficial to literary translation. The present article attempts to show how this normative progress may be beneficial to technical translation quality improvement and teaching. The study focuses on Toury's operational norms as governing the selection and completeness of translated text's linguistic material. To this end, such norms have to be initially identified, reconstructed and formulated in technical translation.

This article deals with the presence of translator as regards the shifts brought about in narratives translated from the medium of text into that of the film, within Munday's narratological framework. In film adaptation, the occurrence of shifts at the level of micro-structures is inevitable. The narraotological analysis of three important film adaptations of Alice in Wonderland reveals that if the shifts do not change the main narrative point of view in the adaptation, they do not lead to the translator's lack of loyalty to the original text. However, if micro-level shifts result in macro-level changes, the presence of the translator will be much more visible and the writer's presence will consequently be hidden from audience's view - something which, in the traditional jargon of translation criticism, is called lack of loyalty to the original text.

The present paper focuses on the ideological forces that underlie Henry Clarke's English translation of Hafiz' poetry in order to throw light on how Hafiz is perceived in the western world. For this purpose, the researcher employed critical discourse analysis (COA), whose primary aim is to expose ideological implications underlying communicative exchanges.To carry out this analytical, corpus-based study, the researcher, based on Farahzad's translational model of COA (2008), examined the English translation of Hafiz at two levels: micro and macro. Regarding micro analysis, he investigated the selected corpus in terms of two translation strategies, namely, exploitation and borrowing and as far as macro level was concerned he focused on the translator's judgment about the prototext in the preface and also on the footnotes provided by the translator within the text. At both levels he searched for those items which incorporated significations that contributed to sustaining or restructuring the ideologies of the original. Finally the researcher analyzed those items within COA framework to elaborate on their ideological implications.The results clearly showed that the ideologies of the original had been manipulated and transformed through translation and manifest signs of manipulations at both micro and macro levels were remarkable.

Natural semantic metalanguage, inspired by Leibnitz's alphabet of human thoughts, is a semantic approach which introduces universal semantic concepts. Empirical cross-linguistic investigations have now established that there are nearly sixty concepts which occur as words or word like elements in all languages, and which are presumably innate. These universal concepts cannot be defined or explained, but other more complex concepts can be defined and explained through them. Moreover, these concepts are simply translatable across all languages. Thus, after the introduction of the above-mentioned approach, the current paper investigates the use of this approach in translation theory focusing on the possibility of cross-cultural and cross-linguistic translatability. In conclusion, universal human concepts ensure translatability of our thoughts from one language into another since they constitute a basis for genuine human understanding.

After the first results of the study done in order to develop a valid scale for translation quality assessment at the undergraduate level was published in the thirty fourth issue of Translation Studies, the scale was used in several researches conducted by some of the colleagues and students. This has brought about a need for more details on the theoretical models behind the descriptors and the share of each one in the overall image of the quality of the translation protocols being evaluated. As an answer to this need, the theoretical models from which the employed operational definitions of the descriptors were derived are presented in this paper. Moreover, discussions of validity of the scale are provided through correlational analyses of the results of quality assessments with individual descriptors. Using these and analysis of the data gathered with the questionnaire of knowledge of translation and the questionnaire 01 translation problems validity of the scale is established.

User-related language varieties or dialectal varieties include different subcategories including geographical varieties. Geographical varieties are the embodiment of the consistent geographical features of the speech of language speakers. They are largely used in prose literature, in narration as well as characterization; their use, however, serves different purposes.Translation scholars have regarded proper translation of these as the hallmark of the competence of the translators. However, lack of parallel sublanguages in the source and target languages poses a major challenge to translation task. In order to find out how Persian translators managed to render geographical varieties in the English novel Huckleberry Finn, three translations of this novel were contrasted with the original and compared.Results indicated total neglect of the varieties in the translations. Translators' deficiency in communicative, extra linguistic and transfer sub competences was evident. In order to provide a valid solution this, we suggest adopting a variation perspective. From this perspective, dialectal varieties happen as non-normative items that serve certain functions. Therefore, reflecting variation is one part of an adequate translation, and conveying its function is another part.

Diasporic experience is characterized by hybridity, mimicry and ambivalence which stand for another culture and another discourse. In fact, interaction between the immigrant translators' past and present and between their old and their new home, accounts for the way through which they resist to assimilate into the host culture.Intermingling discursive elements of the source text and those of their contrary side, i.e. the target text, show that it is not so easy for diasporas to draw a line between the self and other. As such, the result is a hybrid translation which is neither here, nor there. This issue has been addressed more or less in migrant literature, particularly in investigations on diasporas' first-hand writings. However, having in mind the somehow bounded nature of translation, the issue has received far less attention in diasporic translations. The present paper seeks to examine the strategies and procedures through which the "other side" constantly reveals itself in diasporic translations.