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مرکز اطلاعات علمی SID1
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    2-8
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    756
  • Downloads: 

    622
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of death among women. Previous experimental studies showed that increased expression of Dysadherin promotes cancer metastasis and reduced expression of E-cadherin was also associated with progression of tumors. The aim of this study was concurrent assessment of E- cadherin and Dysadherin expression in variable histologic subtypes of breast cancer and their relation with tumor progression (microscopic grade).Materials and methods: Dysadherin and E-cadherin expression was examined immunohistochemically in 70 invasive ductal carcinoma, 15 invasive lobular and 8 medullary carcinoma.Results: In invasive ductal carcinoma, dysadherin expression was 21.7%, 75.6% and 100% in microsopic grades 1, 2 and 3 respectively. These results for E-cadherin was 86.9%, 70.2% and 10%.So there was a significant meaning full correlation between expression of dysadherin and reduced expression of E-cadherin with microscopic grade. Interestingly all invasive lobular carcinomas were dysadherin positive and E-cadherin negative. All medullary carcinomas (except one) expressed both E-cadherin and dysadherin.Conclusion: It seems that positive dysadherin expression and negative E-cadherin expression play a role in progression of lobular and ductal type breast carcinomas.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    10-19
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    1119
  • Downloads: 

    725
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Tuberculosis is an acute/chronic, infectiousand necrotizing disease which involves different organs of the body particularly the lungs. Since case finding and treatment of people infected with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis has been highlighted in national and global goals, this study aimed to provide effective suggestions to improve the status of existing, through epidemiological study of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Materials and methods: the present study was carried out descriptiveandanalytical availabledata. A check list consisting of variables such as age, gender, nationality, place of residence, result of mucus smears at the beginning of treatment, at the end of the second month of treatment and at the end of treatment, was used for data collection. Data analysis was carried out by Excel and SPSS 16, using descriptive statistics and univariate and Multivariate regression.Results: 1296 tuberculosis cases were identified in the study period, of which 48.2 percent were smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 24.5 percent were smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis and 27.3 percent were Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The incidence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 4.3 in one hundred thousand of the population.57.5 percent of the identified smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis were male and the mean age of them was 49.67±21.60.Conclusion: Epidemiological pattern observed in this study is consistent with other similar studies. In order to achieve millennium development goal (50 percent decrease in tuberculosis prevalence and eliminating the disease up to the year 2050), and national goals of tuberculosis control program, education, case finding and on time treatment of the smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients should be considered at all levels of the health network as well as private sector and physicians' offices.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    21-29
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1870
  • Downloads: 

    884
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Fertilizer is one of the sources of heavy metal contamination to soil and groundwater. The purpose of this study was Survey of concentration cadmium, lead and arsenic on soil paddy And underground water and its relationship with chemical fertilizer in Ghaemshahr City (Vahdat Center).Materials and methods: Composite randomized samples of soil was carried out of 20 points of (paddy soil.0-30cm depth) and 20 point of agricultural water at each stage of sampling (in spring and summer of 2010). Also, 3 Composite samples of three fertilizer (high consumption) were performed. Heavy metal contents (As, Cd and Pb) in soil were extracted by acid digestion method (HNO3, HCl, and H2O2) and heavy metal in water (filtration) and in fertilizer (by acid digestion method) Heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and As) in soil, water and fertilizer were extracted and measured by Inductively coupled plasmaoptical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES mod, Germany).Results: The results show that heavy metals concentrations in groundwater and paddy soil are lower than universal standards. The only higher case in the results is the Cd concentration in Triple Super Phosphate fertilizer that is higher than CDFA standard.Conclusion: The only significant relationship between the amount of potash fertilizer and cadmium concentration in soil (P<0.05) was observed. The highest concentration of Cd in Phosphate fertilizer is due to the lands that used more potash fertilizer than usuall consumption. But according to the possitive relationship between the Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, so the reason remains unknown. Heavy metal concentrations in groundwater was zero. No relationship between the amount of heavy metals in the soil with water and heavy metals in the fertilizer with water was not observed.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    31-39
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    859
  • Downloads: 

    662
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Organophosphate insecticides are major groups of chemical pesticides which is used for pest control in the agricultural fields, gardens. Diazinon is an important oreganophosphate insecticides easily absorbed through intestine, respiratory system and skin. It is metabolized in the liver to an active metabolite: Diazoxon. The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effect of vitamien E, C and A on superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in rat erythrocyte exposed to diazinon.Materials and methods: In this study, male Wistar rats were divided into 9 groups. The groups were administered Normal Saline, soybean oil (as the solvent Diazinon and fat-soluble vitamins), Diazinon (30 mg/kg), vitamins E, C, A (respectively 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 400 IU/kg) and combination of Diazinon with the some dose of each vitamins intraperitoneally (IP) for 14 days.7 days after the last injection, the animals were anesthetized and 1 ml of blood was taken from the rat heart. Blood was spinned and erythrocytes was aspirated and lysate, hemolysis prepared for Superoxide dismutase enzyme activity was measured. Data analysis using statistical software spss test and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney was 5% significance level (Mean ± SD).Results: The activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes was significantly higher in the diazinon exposed group than of control group (P=0.008) and. diazinon/vitamin group display an increased significantly of enzyme activity than of control group (P=0.005).Conclusion: Administration of diazinon increases production of superoxide radicals followed by an increase in superoxide dismutase enzyme activity this indicated oxidative stress to be an associated mechanism involved in dizinin toxicitycan. Administartion of Vitamnin C, E, and A slightly attenuate the toxic effect of diazinon on rat reythrocye.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    41-49
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    778
  • Downloads: 

    652
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Chemical dyes used in textile industries involve some potential risks including carcinogenic and mutagenic effects in human. Furthermore, penetration of different dyes into surface and groundwater is a source of color in water reservoirs. This study aims at investigating the removal efficiency of yellow 3 and disperse yellow 3 reactive dyes by combined CAC-SBR system.Materials and methods: This experimental study was conducted on a batch scale and two SBR reactors were used. Wastewater samples used in this study were synthetic (COD=1800). After setting up the reactors, yellow 3 and disperse yellow 3 reactive dyes were injected to the system and its removal efficiency was investigated during different reaction times. After determining the SBR system efficiency in dye and COD removal, GAC-SBR system efficiency was examined.Results: During 24 hours of reactions, the efficiency of SBR and GAC-SBR systems in the removal of reactive yellow3 dye was 58% and 72%, while for disperse yellow 3 it was 85 and 91%, respectively. Also, during 14 hours of reaction, the efficiency of SBR and GAC-SBR systems for COD removal was 98 and 98.5%, respectively.Conclusion: The efficiency of GAC-SBR system in the removal of reactive yellow 3 and disperse yellow 3 dyes was higher than that of the SBR system. However, their difference was insignificant regarding the COD removal. Overall, increase in the reaction time led to increase in the efficiency of systems and in a specific time of the reaction, their removal efficiency became uniform.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    51-65
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    687
  • Downloads: 

    755
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Several laboratories have developed culture systems including maturation factors for human DC from peripheral blood monocytes. We comprehensively studied the effect of addition of poly (I-C) to standard maturation stimulus, MCM and TNF-a on maturation of monocyte derived DCs and their ability to elicit T cell responses.Materials and methods: A short (4-day) priming of plastic adherent monocytes with granulocytemacrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) followed by allogenic tumor antigen pulsing and addition of MCM and TNF-a with or without poly (I-C) to generate fully mature and stable DCs. Phenotypic and functional analysis were carried out using anti CD14, HLA-DR and CD83 monoclonal antibodies, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), phagocytic activity and cytokine release by DC stimulated T lymphocytes.Results: We found that fully matured DCs with large amount cytoplasm and copious dendritic projections were visible at the end of culturing period in the presence of MCM and TNF-a with or without rpoly (I-C). Flow cytometric analysis using anti-CD14, HLA-DR and CD83 revealed that addition of poly (I-C) to conventional maturation factors results in decreased expression of CD14 and increased expression of HLA-DR and CD83. Functionally, MCM and TNF-a with poly (I-C) treated DCs showed a little stronger mixed leukocyte reaction Analysis of phagocytic activity showed that addition of poly (I-C) reduced FITC-conjugated bead uptake and increased mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of phagocytic DCs. Furthermore our results revealed that additional treatment of DCs with poly (I-C) results in reduction of IL-12: IL-10 and IFN-γ: IL-4 ratios in DC and DC-primed T cell supernatants respectively.Conclusion: Our results support this idea that use of the MCM, TNF-a and poly (I-C) as maturation factor could gnerates more mature monocyte derived DCs that prime T lymphocytes to TH2 type cytokine release.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    66-72
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    129
  • Downloads: 

    325
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorder of children and adolescents. studies show that depression and other psychiatric disorders are common in families having children with ADHD. Maternal depression affects the prognosis of ADHD. Therefore assessment and management of depression in mothers can play an important role in treatment and prognosis of children with ADHD. Methods: 100 cases of children referred to psychiatric clinic for children were selected. Diagnosis of ADHD were based on DSM-IV-TR and Kaner’ s parental scale. Beck’ s questioner was used for assessment of mothers’ depression. Results: Prevalence of mothers' depression was 40 %. (32% = mild, 7%= moderate, 1%=severe). The most common symptoms of depression were lack of energy (77%), decreased libido (70%), lack of self satisfaction (62%), difficulty in making decision (57%), guilt feeling (54%), feeling penalties (42%), loss of interest in other people (30%). Conclusion: Findings showed that depression in mothers of children with ADHD is more common than general population of women. Correlation between depression and mother’ s academic level was statistically significant. Mothers with higher academic level, have milder depression than others. there is not a significant statistical difference in mothers' depression between two groups of children who received drug for ADHD and those who did not. The number of depressed mothers in the second group were higher than in the first one though.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    74-83
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    953
  • Downloads: 

    682
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Leishmaniasis is an important tropical disease in Iran and world. Despite of apprehensive research to discover a vaccine scientists could not succeed, also other control methods could not prevent outspreading of the disease. The objective of this report was to identify and understand theLeishmania infections in vector using new molecular tools. Regarding understanding other ecological and biological criteria of vector, they can use to control Leishmaniasis in an endemic region.Materials and methods: Sandflies were collected on sticky papers and CDC traps then were dissected, head and abdominal terminalia used to identify sandfly using morphological keys which were slide-mounted. DNA was extracted from the dissected thorax and attached anterior abdomen of individual sandflies. Leishmania Parasite detected and identified in sandfly using digestion of BsuRI restriction enzyme and sequencing of ITS-rDNA gene.Results: 18 out of 168 Phlebotomus papatasi had Leishmania infection. Two L. major and L. turanica identified in P. papatasi in Turkemen Sahara. Leishmania parasite confirmed after amplyfing ITS-rDNA gene using Nested PCR, RFLP and sequencing.Conclusion: L. major as the causative agent and P. papatasi as a vector of rural zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in Iran confirmed again in Turkemen Sahara and Iran using new molecular tools. Finding L. turanica in P. papatasi and in reservoirs could indicate the role of the transmission cycles for maintaining the disease.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    85-92
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1103
  • Downloads: 

    686
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Golestan Province is one of endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The aim of the present study was to assess specific-PCR on Giemsa's stained slides for diagnosis of CL as well as to detect species of Leishmania spp in referred patients to health center laboratory of Gonbad-e-Qabus.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in during 2010. To diagnosis of CL, direct smear (DS) from skin lesions and staining with Giemsa was performed. In addition, if DS was negative, specific PCR on kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) extracted from direct smear to genus and species identification was done. The data were registered and then analyzed by SPSS software.Results: Of 303 suspected patients, 238 cases (78.5%) infected to CL by direct smear examination. The rest of them (n=65) were negative. The PCR result was positive in 34 (52.3 %) out of 65 smears among whom direct examination did not reveal Leishmania amastigotes. Also Leishmania species isolated from all patients were Leishmania major by species-specific primers.Conclusion: According to the fact in some cases the DS is reported negative as well as this method has a low sensitivity versus high sensitivity of PCR. Thus we suggest use of PCR method to high accurate of diagnosis as well for ruling out the CL in suspected patients particularly from endemic regions.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    94-101
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1096
  • Downloads: 

    707
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Minimum of 50 years ago with a significant increase in environmental pollution, especially by oil, the international community and international organizations began to unprecedented efforts to reduce environmental pollution. The result of the efforts was at least 200 international convention on environment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the international conventions on the elimination of oil pollutionsMaterials and methods: Oil pollution levels in this study were obtained from official sources and the production of crude oil per day that was calculated and was compared with the amount of oil pollution in the same periods. To compare two columns of data, the percentage of pollution was calculated. For drawing graphs and describing statistical data, the Excel software (Version 2007) was used.Results: Changes in pollution between 1992 until 2009 were studied. The same years which 16 international convention for elimination of oil pollution was adopted. Pollution rate in those years with little variance decreased, so as the percentage of oil pollution reduce from 9.57 percent in 1992 to 0.08 in 2009.Conclusion: Although international conventions has a positive effect in reducing oil pollution, but not enough to eliminate completely the pollution and need safeguards in international agreements and monitoring.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    103-113
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    8
  • Views: 

    753
  • Downloads: 

    345
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Individual’s lifestyle affects health and that health-promoting activities and a healthy lifestyle are major strategies to facilitate and preserve health. There is little information about health promoting lifestyle behaviors among Iranian population. Regarding that lifestyle is evolving in Iran, Health promotion regarding its prominent role in health care is a growing concern. Unfortunately, native instruments for measuring health-enhancing behaviors are absent. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of a Farsi version of the health-promoting lifestyle profile in Iran.Materials and methods: The instrument using Jones et al approach was translated into Persian and back-translated. Then, the panel of experts examined the questionnaire in order to determine cultural sensitivities, Questions clearly, differences and errors in Equivalent semantic. The Farsi version was then evaluated using a convenience sample of 466 adults that attended at health care centers in Qazvin city. Finally, based on data collected from cross-sectional study, factor analysis was used for determining construct validity. The two week interval Test-retest reliability was used to determine reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to investigate of internal consistency.Results: The order of factors was not entirely identical to those isolated previously during the psychometric assessment of English language version. Only the structure of the two factors-intrapersonal relationship and nutrition- the same as those obtained in the English version. The alpha reliability coefficients were 0.82 for the total scale and ranged from 0.64 to 0.91 for subscales. All items had acceptable item-total correlations of P>0.34. Test-retest results showed stability for HPLPII and for subscales. Varimax rotation yielded six factors with eigen values>1, explaining 58% of the variance. The CFA six-factor model based on EFA represented an acceptable fit. Testing of latent construct measurement models reduced the number of items from 52 to 49.Conclusion: It was concluded that the Farsi version of the health promoting lifestyle profile has demonstrated initial reliability and validity. Further testing is recommended.

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Author(s): 

CHERAGHI MOHAMMAD ALI | NIKBAKHAT NASABADI ALI REZA | MOHAMMAD NEJAD ESMAEIL | SALARI AMIR | EHSANI KOUHI KHEYLI SEYYEDEH ROGHAYEH

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    115-119
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    6
  • Views: 

    1814
  • Downloads: 

    1047
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Medication errors today is discussed as a main concern in the health care systems and are used as an indicator for determining the level of patients safety in hospitals. We conducted this study with the purpose of evaluating medical errors among intensive care nurses.Materials and methods: In our descriptive study the research population composed of nurses working in intensive care units of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, 2011. 64 nurses were randomly selected and asked to answer to a researcher made questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: %73/43, % 42/55 and % 57/44 of nurses reported the occurrence, verge of occurrence and not occurrence of medical errors respectively. The most common type of medication errors were infusion rate and amount of drugs due to use of drug’s abbreviated names and existence of similarities among drugs names. The most important causes of medication errors was lack of pharmacological information.Conclusion: Since the risk of medication errors among nurses is high therefore we recommend that retraining courses about pharmacological information, modification of education process (curriculum), encourage nurses to report medical errors and also encourage hospital managers to positive response to errors is essential.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    121-129
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    717
  • Downloads: 

    630
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been developed as a minimally invasive alternative approach for various diagnostic and therapeutic thoracic operations that previously required open thoracotomy. Postoperative pain is less after VATS than after conventional thoracic surgery, but is still significant. The purpose of this randomized double blind clinical trial was to compare the effect of interpleural morphine analgesia with traditional intravenous morphine administration on pain and supplemental analgesic usage after VATS.Materials and methods: 30 American Society of Anesthesiologists classes I and II patients who had VATS under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two equal groups. At the completion of operation, a catheter was placed in the pleural space under thoracoscopic vision. Patients received a single bolus of 0.1 mg.kg-1 of morphine either interpleurally or intravenously. During the first postoperative 8 hours, pain score at rest and on coughing, supplemental analgesic requirements, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, arterial blood oxygen saturation, degree of sedation, and side effects were monitored every one hour. The pain severity was evaluated by visual analogue pain scales (VAS, 0-10).Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in relation to pain intensity, hemodynamic variables, or side effects during study period.Conclusion: Interpleural morphine did not provide superior analgesia compared with intravenous morphine after thoracoscopic surgery.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    131-137
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    3047
  • Downloads: 

    812
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Pyrrolizidin alkaloeids (PAs) are a main gorupes of plant toxin that 200 types of these materials had been identified at yet. Plants containing these alkaloeids are known to be significant causes of dead and desease in mammals such as humans. This research were conducted to assesment of PAs quality and quantity in different organs of iranian Echium amoenum.Materials and methods: PAs presence were considered in root, petal, leaves and seed by erlich reagent. Color apparence in extracts solation approves that PAs exists in organs. Also, regarding senecionin in samples extract, the quantity of PAs and these N-oxide were determined.This method is specific for alkaloids and other components with a non- basic unsaturated part (D- Pirolin ring).Results: Collection of PAs and N-oxide stimated in 500 mg of sample was 0.031-0.053 mg for root, 0.369mg for leaves, 0.026 mg for petals and not significantly detected in seeds.Conclusion: Compaired to senecionin LD50 (64.12±2.24 mg/kg) and pyrroliziding alkaloeids lethal doses (2-27 mg/kg), leaf samples of Iranian Echium amoenum extracts are able to make toxical condition, unlike seed, petal and root samples PAs which not able to be toxic, although using these material for long period, even at low level, can be dangerouse to body organs and cause hepatotoxical desease.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    139-151
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2104
  • Downloads: 

    1189
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: The goal of asthma therapy is to achieve clinical control and near normal lung functions. Many patients with moderate persistent asthma fail to achieve this goal with a low dose of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) plus long-acting β2 agonist (LABA). In the present study, we have checked whether another controller medication (in the form of ginger capsule) add on to ICSlow dose+ LABA helps in achieving the asthma goal or not.Materials and methods: Thirty two adult asthmatics (17 male and 15 female) completed a 10 week trial consisting of a 1 week single blind run in period, during which placebo (250 mg capsule of lactose 3 times a day) was added to usual treatment (inhaled beclomethasone diproprionate 200 mg/twice daily plus salmeterol 50 mg/twice daily), a 4 week double blind active treatment period in which subjects received ginger (250 mg capsule of powdered ginger 3 times a day) or placebo capsule, a single blind 1 week washout period receiving placebo and a final 4 week double blind cross-over active treatment period. The primary efficacy variable was the forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1); secondary efficacy variables were the peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the asthma control test (ACT) scores. These variables were measured at the completion of each phase, i.e. the end of weeks 1, 5, 6 and 10. Statistical comparisons of all variables were made by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with patient, period, and treatment as fixed factors. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: All the patients of the ginger group had significant improvement in FEV1 , PEF and ACT scores (P<0.001) at the end of 10 weeks. Mean (95% CI) measurements for ginger vs placebo treatment periods were 1.99 vs 1.49 (0.32 to 0.68) L for FEV1, 255.8 vs 205.4 (27.1 to 73.8) L min-1 for PEF and 20.6 vs 17.3 (2.77 to 3.73) for ACT scores. There was a similar frequency of minor adverse effects reported during placebo (13%) and ginger (16%) treatments (P>0.05).Conclusion: Powdered ginger rhizome capsule as an add on to inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting b2 agonist is effective in the improvement of FEV1, PEF, and ACT scores of the patients of a moderate type of persistent asthma uncontrolled on standard treatment.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    153-164
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    3567
  • Downloads: 

    1296
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Caring, the core concept of nursing, have been defined in different ways since the old past years, but care is an abstract concept in nursing practice yet. There are lots of discussions and challenges between scientists in nursing and few analyses and review of articles have been done about concept of care until now. The purpose of the study was to identify how nursing care is conceptualized by nurses in Iran, and to develop guidelines for clinical practice.Materials and methods: This study employed the hybrid model to define the concept of care through 3 phases. For the theoretical phase attributes of care were identified through a review of the literature (until 2011), and in depth of interviews were conducted for the fieldwork phase to develop attributes from the data and to verify the attributes identified from the literature review. In third phase attributes and final analysis of care were extracted from the first and second phase. Purposive sampling was done for 20 participants (16 nurses and 4 members of faculty), who were interviewed from two university and university hospitals in Shiraz and Tehran.Results: Core attributes of care include assessing patients needs, humanity, duty responsibility, routine activity and sacred activity. However, core attributes of a good nurse who cares a patient include creative, responsible, decisive, skillful in relationship trustfully, having correct and exact ideas, and being skillful in practice.Conclusion: The results of the study identify the concept of care partly. Clearing concept of care causes some good effects, include: more attention to patient’s needs, holistic caring, patients satisfaction increasing, professional development and cost effective caring.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    166-173
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    1190
  • Downloads: 

    784
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: the need to address critical thinking in medical education in response to rapid changes of health care environment has been emphasized. One of the main tasks of each medical institution in addition to developing students’ professional competencies is developing decision-making skills, and self-efficiency and decoding problem, that these skills affect their ability to exercise critical thinking. This study aimed to assess critical thinking in students of Mazandaran university of Medical Sciences, Health faculty.Materials and methods: The research sample included 196 students in bachelor degree and 28 students in master degree programs offered by Mazandaran university of Medical Sciences, Health faculty. Survey methods for data collection and analysis is the California Critical Thinking Skills Test; Form B.Results: The level of critical thinking in research community with an average below the mean score of 10.19 in the standardization process (15.89) and Critical thinking was weak. Other findings showed meaningful relationship between critical thinking and demographic variables of Degree levels and discipline. Among the dimensions of critical thinking only deduction had significant difference in degree levels and master had a higher average.Conclusion: This study shows the weakness of critical thinking of undergraduate and postgraduate students in all aspects and this shows necessity of teaching critical thinking skills at university level. Findings showed meaningful relationship between critical thinking and demographic variables of Degree levels and discipline.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    175-182
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    625
  • Downloads: 

    633
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Escherichia coli is the most prevalent etiologic agent of urinary tract infection. Enzymatic inactivation of aminoglycosides by aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes is the main mechanism of resistance to these antibiotics in Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was detection of ant (2”)-Ia gene among aminoglycoside resistant clinical isolates of E. coli using PCR methodMaterials and methods: 276 clinical isolates of E. coli were collected, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolates were determined by disk diffusion method for gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin, kanamycin and netilmicin paper disks considering CLSI principles. Chromosomal DNA of the isolates was extracted using DNA extraction kits and PCR method was used for detection of the ant (2”)-Ia geneResults: Results of disk diffusion showed that 24.63%, 23.18%, 21.01%, 6.15% and 3.62% of E. coli isolates were resistant to tobramycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, netilmicin and amikacin, respectively. Ant (2”)-Ia gene was detected in 47.88% of E. coli isolatesConclusion: Because of high prevalence of resistance toward aminoglycoside antibiotics due to its transfer among bacteria by transferable elements such as transposons and plasmids, tracing of transfer routs among different bacteria is very important.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    184-194
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1431
  • Downloads: 

    824
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: The Coot (Fulica atra) is an abundant aquatic bird in North Iran and was anticipated to have well indicator for metal pollution on north wetlands of Iran. This hypothesis was tested on water, sediment and 30 coot samples. The aim of investigation was achieved by determining metals concentrations in water, sediment samples and the organs of liver and kidney.Materials and methods: The water and sediment samples were respectively collected by Rotner bottle and Ekman grab with in six sites of Gomishan and Khalij Gorgan wetland. The bird samples were also selected on winter 2009. The concentration of heavy metals in samples (Bird tissues, water and sediment) was measured by GF-AAS and Flame-AAS.Results: The data indicated the maximum heavy metals concentration in water belongs to lead (0,154 ppm) and in sediment was for Zn (2.04 ppm). There was the high significantly correlation among heavy metals in water and sediment samples (p<0.01).The metals (Cd, Pb, Zn) level in both water and sediment samples was below standard limited, whereas Cr concentration in water sample was almost higher.The highest concentrations of cadmium and lead found in liver (2.2 , 9.1 mg/g) and kidney (2.1, 8.9 mg/g) of Coots, respectivly. Among the metals, highest concentration in liver was Zn element (14,9 ppm) and lowest level in kidney belongs to Cr (0.76 ppm). The data proved there isn’t significant different in both liver and kidney organs between males and females and also without sex.Conclusion: The result indicated that lead concentration in kidney and liver tissues of Comoon coot was in exposed level and cadmium found below toxicity limit. Other elements also were below toxicity limit.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    196-202
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    690
  • Downloads: 

    647
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Datura metel L. plant is a reach source of medicinal alkaloids including hiociamin, scopolamine and atropine. It is necessary to use new technology for increasing potential of secondary metabolites production. There are different methods for this approach. For example mutation, induction of somaclonal variation and T-DNA transfer to the plant.Materials and methods: For evaluation of somaclonal variation in regenerated plants RAPD PCR was applied. Results: Among primers used, FPK2-19 primer showed the highest genetic variation. Leaves and roots of transgenic lines (number 1,2,3) were analyzed for atropine content using TLC.Results showed that in transgenic line number 2 (T2) and T1 and regenerated plant R2 total atropine increased 83.04%, 61.01 and 77.79% significantly in comparison to non transgenic plants. However, in line T3 total atropine was decreased 9.40% in comparison with control plants. Atropine content in shoot and leaf of line T2 plants was 164.97% higher than non transgenic plants, while roots in line T2 plants with 94.25% was lower than non transgenic plants.Conclusion: It can be concluded that atropine content of shoot was higher than roots and it may be produced in roots and then are transported to shoot and leaf. Somaclonal variation and T-DNA transferring to plant may affect on the gene or genes expression involved in atropine biosynthesis pathway.

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Author(s): 

BAGHERI NESAMI MASOUMEH

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    204-215
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1209
  • Downloads: 

    909
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: The aging period is associated with many life stressors. Theories of aging multiplicity from psychological perspectives are the evidence for important psychological- emotional changes category in aging. Nurses and all health care professionals to provide preventive services, education and care need to understand these changes through the lived experiences of older women. Therefore, in order to explorate the elderly women lived experiences about psychological- emotional changes; this study was designed and conducted.Materials and methods: This qualitative study is part of a larger study carried out with Grounded Theory Method. Nineteen participants in the study were selected; the data were collected by recording face to face depth interviews and observations. Each of the interviews was transcripted, after careful and repeated listening to recordings tape. Data with constant comparative, ongoing review of interviews, observations, field notes and memo and by Strauss and Corbin 1998 and 2008 methods were analyzed.Results: In this study, psychological- emotional changes category included loss of adaptation ability to conditions, depression, loneliness, loss of sense of authority and respect, a sense of powerlessness, regret the past and worry and fear. Also, it was emerged that there are interrelated defective cycle among physical changes and the psychological-emotional changes, social, cultural and economical deprivations.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, psychological- emotional changes in elderly women are not related to the aging phenomenon. But, it is Consequence of living conditions and how to adapt to influential factors during this period. Nurses and other health care providers must consider these deprivations and its effective factors in order to be able to care the elderly women in achieving to the successful aging.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    216-226
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1054
  • Downloads: 

    645
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Factors such as formulation components and storage conditions can affect the dissolution stability of a drug product. The physicochemical properties of pharmaceutical solids are dependent on the presence of moisture and temperature. The change in the physicochemical properties can produce variation in the drug release, resulting in changes in the bioavailability. In order to overcome such variation, it's necessary to determine the storage conditions required to obtain a predictable drug release.Materials and methods: Tablet formulations containing diltiazem, ethylcellulose, HPMC K4M and magnesium stearate were prepared by the direct compression method. The objective of the study was to assess the stability of these formulations after subjecting them to different condition of temperature and humidity (25, 60% RH and 40, 75% RH). The samples were analyzed for thermal and dissolution changes with time for a period of six months. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used for thermal studies.Results: The release profiles for matrices prepared from different amount of HPMC K4M and ethyl cellulose showed that drug release decreased with increasing of the amount of HPMC K4M, and release of diltiazem increased with increasing of the amount of ethyl cellulose. The DSC thermo grams of different formulations of diltiazem showed a peak of diltiazem in 210 degree of centigrade.Conclusion: Stabilty studies demonstrated no interaction between tablet components of different formulations and reproducible drug release patterns for matrix tablets stored at 25oC, 60% RH and 40oC, 75% RH up to 6 months.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    228-233
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    2246
  • Downloads: 

    861
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Nitrate and nitrite salts to prevent the growth of Clostridium specie can be added to meat products. According to carcinogenetic properties of this ions, aim of this study was to measurement of nitrate and nitrite content in meat product in Mazandaran.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study on 42 sample of red Meat Products (sausages with 40% and 60% meat, hamburger with 30% meat)- most widely consumed products- that produced in Mazandaran factories, evaluated for residual nitrate and nitrite content by colorimetric Griess Ilosvay method in Mazandaran food control lab in 1388. Student t-test were used for mean of nitrate and nitrite content (P<0.05)Results: The mean of nitrate in sausage 40%, sausage 60% and hamburger was respectively: 81.14, 115.1 and 89.9 mg/kg. Also mean content of nitrite was 39.62, 9.29 and 20.50 respectively.Conclusion: All sample’s nitrite content, was lower than threshold tolerance. Since enzymatic and microbiological agents reduce nitrate to nitrite and regards to nitrite carcinogenesis, more attention to nitrate level in meat products is essential.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    235-242
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1089
  • Downloads: 

    744
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder of central nervous system and rarely is accompanied with seizure. The purpose of this study is determination the frequency of MS types in MS patients with and without seizure.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study from 2008 to 2010 was performed on MS patients in Guilan. The patients’ demographic data and the type of their MS were gathered and data was analyzed by k2 and T test & logistic regression in SPSS17.Results: A total of 209 MS patients (74.1% female & 25.9% male) which 13 patients (69.2% female & 30.8% male) of them had seizure too, participated in this study. The means of patients’ age, age of beginning disorder and EDSS in groups with & without seizure were 34.0±8.6 and 33.2±9.8 years, 26.18±11.80 and 27.96±8.05 years and 4.2±2.5 and 4.6±1.5 respectively, without any significant differences. The prevalence of relapsing-remitting (RRMS), secondary (SPMS) & primary (PPMS) progressive MS in patients without seizure was 80.1%, 11.7% & 8.2% and in group with seizure was 38.5%, 53.8% & 7.7% respectively that the difference was statistically significant. The seizure increases the probability of SPMS 8.94 (95%CI: 2.51-31.77) folds and decreases the probability of RRMS 10.16 (95% CI: 1.96-28.57) folds. Also SPMS increases the chance of seizure 10.16 (95% CI; 2.65-38.88) folds in relation to SPMS.Conclusion: SPMS is more prevalent in MS accompanying with seizure and seizure is a positive predictive factor for MS progression.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    244-252
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    880
  • Downloads: 

    668
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Achievement to experiences of multiple sclerosis patients are very important, and knowing that this disease how affect in family and social relationships, so fallow up of medical intervention and importance of knowledge and perception of nurses to care plan was the purpose of this study.Materials and methods: The qualitative phenomenological research was employed. A total of 14 participants chosen amongst the patients referred to Isfahan Multiple Sclerosis Society. The sampling method was purposeful. The data were collected by in-depth interviews and data analysis was done by Colaizzi method.Results: The results of this research can be categorized in four following groups: 1-interrupted family relationships 2-change in social relationship 3-job’s interrupted 4-unable to providing cost of living.Conclusion: As most participants have stated, physical disorders resulting from disease can be caused disability to do work which may fallow by job lost. Loss of revenue caused the disability to providing cost of living, and in some cases cause disorder in the family and social relationships.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    254-261
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1379
  • Downloads: 

    784
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Nowadays, emotional intelligence importance has increased in different aspects of human's life such as education, occupation and social environment .one of the characteristics of normal person is the self-esteem that can change the level of emotional intelligence. Because of important role of self-esteem and emotional intelligence, this research has been conducted with the goal of selfesteem and emotional intelligence level of nursing and midwifery students.Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we have implemented MSEIS test and cooper-smith self-esteem test for 145 nursing and midwifery students of Mazandaran university of Medical sciences. These samples were selected by census methods. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test by using SPSS16.Results: In this study, emotional intelligence of %13/8, %71.7 and %14.5 of student were high, medium and low respectively. In addition, %91 of student have hah high self-esteem. The results showed that emotional intelligence has a significant relation with self-esteem (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to results of this study, we found that self esteem and emotional intelligence can impact each other. So we suggest that it will be important to make some educational programs during bachelor degree for nursing and midwifery students.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    263-272
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    772
  • Downloads: 

    631
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the opportunistic protozoan diseases and zoonosis, leading to acute or chronic gastroenteritis caused by Cryptosporidium spp. Suitable conditions have made the Mazandaran regions as a province for transmission of parasites. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of cryptosporidiosis among gastroenteritic patients referred to hospital Centers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was done in hospitals and medical centers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, in 2010-2011. Stool samples from 438 patients with gastroenteritis individuals were collected, fixed and speciments prepared by formalin-Ether method and smears were stained by both acid-fast staining (AFS) and auramine phenol fluorescence (APF) for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts and analysed using SPSS and Chi-square test.Results: Among diarrhea patients, the most cases of diarrhea patients aged were in above 40 years (36/8%) and the lowest was in 10-20 years (7/5%). The total numbers of cases 53/2% and 46/8% were male and female. Cryptosporidium was detected in 8 (2.3%) cases. A statistically significant correlation between age and months of getting diarrhea was observed (P<0.05).Conclusion: In the present study, The low prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in the study, compared with previous studies in the province have been determined Therefore, it is necessary Cryptosporidium and other parasitic infections in stool samples of patients with diarrhea admitted to a hospital or reference labs and appropriate methods of Parasitology accurately diagnosed.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    274-283
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1140
  • Downloads: 

    852
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Infertility as a major source of stress influenced numerous aspects of couples' life like sex and sexual attitude. So the aim of this study was to investigate the comparison of sexual attitude in fertile and infertile couples.Materials and methods: In a causal –comparative study, fifty infertile couples who referred to the infertility center of Mary (SA) and fifty fertile couples were selected by non-random sampling method, and then were asked them to answer a demographic inventory and sexual attitude questionnaire. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent-sample t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and Duncan test by SPSS- 16 in .05 p-valueResults: The results showed that fertile couples had more positive attitude toward sex in the behavioral aspect of sexual attitude than infertile couples. There was not significant difference in sexual attitude between fertile women, infertile women, fertile men and infertile men. Either fertile or infertile, there was a positive relationship between women’s sexual attitude with their husbands. Neither fertile nor infertile, there was not significant relationship between age and education with sexual attitude in women, and between age, period of marriage and job with sexual attitude in men. In addition, there was a negative relationship between fertile women’s sexual attitude with their period of marriage, and a positive relationship between men’s sexual attitude with their education on both fertile and infertile.Conclusion: It was concluded that sexual attitude and it’s cognitive and emotional aspects don’t affect with infertility, but behavioral aspect was decreased in infertile couples.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    285-294
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    956
  • Downloads: 

    721
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: IL22 is the family member of IL10 that is created by Th17, Th22, NK cells and recently the role of Il22 in protection and inherent defense mechanisms, in the control of bacterial and viral infection, homeostasis and repair tissue has been demonstrated. So in this research the effect of Il22 treatment on lesion originated from L-major in BALB/c mice has been survived.Materials and methods: 24 female BALB/c mice for 8 weeks old at least 2x106 Promastigotes of L-Major Iraninan standard strain MR HO/IR/75/ER in stationary phase through 100 micro liter subcutaneous challenged and in three of eight groups of mice has been injected by 5ng/ml and 10ng/ml (IM) with recombinant IL22. Immunity cellular and homoral with assessment cytokines IL 4Results: IFN-Ã, cultures spleen lymphocyte cells and survey of IgG2a, IgG Total with Elisa method and MTT method and clinical study measuring the wound healing and lifespan of mice and death registration was done.Conclusion: The study conclusion indicated that the growth of ulcer especially has been reduced in IL-22 groups and the greatest effect in IL-22(5ng) group. IL-22(5ng) has caused the increased production of, IFN-Ã and the reduced IL4.The LSD test has shown that, IFN-Ã, IGg Total with P<0.05 significant in IL22-5ng groups rather than other groups and IL4 with P<0.05 non significant in IL22-5ng but significant with other groups. IGg2a in IL22-5ng with P<0.05 is not significant with IL22-10ng groups. but significant with other groups. MTT IL22-5ng is significant with other groups.We can infer that increasing IFN-Ã and reducing IL4 by IL22-5ng has caused the protective immunity in L-major, so if it is used with the anti leishmania drug combined may have effective results in treatment.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    296-308
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1224
  • Downloads: 

    696
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: This study was carried out to investigate illness perception, depression, anxiety, stress coping strategies and perceived social Support as predictors of adherence of treatment and health related quality of Life in hemodialysis patients in Isfahan city.Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 200 end stage renal disease patients. The instruments used in this study were: Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Multidimentional Scale for Perceived Social Support, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations. To interpreting the data in this study, canonical correlation analysis was used.Results: Findings show that linear composite of adherence (subjective index) and Health Related Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients is predictable with linear campsite of psychological variables, but also each of dependent variables (subjective adherence, objective adherence and quality of life) is predictable with psychological variables. So high scores in adherence (subjective index) and Health Related Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients is related to low scores in Consequences, worries, Emotional representations, identity, depression, anxiety and emotional coping styles, and also high scores in social support and problem coping styles.Conclusion: Results of this study showed that psychological variables can predict adherence and specially health related quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    310-317
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    873
  • Downloads: 

    742
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Apoptosis is a physiological mechanism of program cell death so that dysregulation in this process may lead to carcinogenesis. Functional gene polymorphism in Fas can alter transcriptional activities and thus change risk of cancer. A to G substitution in Fas -670 promoter region disrupts the binding site of STAT1 transcription factor. This study aimed to assess the association of genetic variants of Fas –A670G polymorphism and the potential risk of gastric cancer.Materials and methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 159 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 170 age, sex and ethnic background matched healthy controls. Gastric cancer was diagnosed based on clinical and endoscopic findings, and pathologically confirmed. Genotyping was done PCR-RFLP method. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were obtained from logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors.Results: The distribution of allele frequency in the patients and controls was not meet significantly (58.6% vs. 61.8%, p=0.47). Meanwhile, the genotype frequencies of –A670G polymorphism were significantly differed in to groups. The A/G heterozygosity was less frequent in the patients than that controls (42.4% vs.51.8%, p=0.041). On the other hand, the presence of heterozygous A670G was decreased the cancer risk les than 0.5 (95% CI; 0.26-0.94).Conclusion: Conclusion: Our findings indicated that A670G polymorphism in Fas promoter region might be associated to the risk of gastric cancer. Therefore, genetic variation in Fas/FasL system due to corruption in apoptotic process may contribute to etiology.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    319-321
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    818
  • Downloads: 

    657
Abstract: 

Cor triatriatum is a cardiac anomaly that is due to failure of resorption of the common pulmonary vein results in a left atrium divided by an abnormal fibromascular diaphragm into posterosuperior and the anteroinferior chambers. The communication between the divided atrial chambers may be large, small or absent, depending on the size of the opening (s) in the diaphragm, which determines the degree of obstruction to pulmonary venous return. Elevation of both pulmonary venous pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance may result in sever pulmonary hypertension.It may be detected as incidental finding in a patient who has an echocardiogram for another reason. Cases with sever obstruction present similar to patients with congenital pulmonary vein stenosis. We present a case with palpitation and breathlessness.Echocardiography revealed fibromascular diaphragm above left atrial appendage and no significant gradient between two chambers. Catheterization showed moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. Because of non obstructive Cor triatriatum, surgery was not necessary, follow up by echocardiography recommended.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    323-327
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1712
  • Downloads: 

    919
Abstract: 

Gout and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are relatively frequent diseases; however, the coexistence of these two conditions has been rarely reported. The author presents a case that was followed for 20 years as RA and gout was also diagnosed based on nodular lesion on feet joints, tap nodules and noticing crystals of uric acid in synovial fluid. In RA patients with severe joint swelling, physicians should examine the synovial fluid, especially in elderly RA patients suffering from kidney failure or those with lower limbs involvement. In contrast, in gout patients with polyarticular involvement, RA should also be considered.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    329-333
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    681
  • Downloads: 

    749
Abstract: 

Nevus comedonicus is a rare skin disease with a pilosebaceous apparatus that often involve areas such as face, neck and chest and present as closely arranged follicles in a specific zone. A case of extent unilateral nevus comedonicus of left lower limb with unilateral external genitalia area and left lower abdomen involvement in a 14-year-old gild is reported in this manuscript that is a rare case because of its diffuse spread in lower limb and genital area. This case is the first reported case in Iran.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    335-345
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1030
  • Downloads: 

    725
Abstract: 

Background and purpose: Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease that affects the synovial joints. Cartilage lesion at different degrees is an important disorder associates with osteoarthritis. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valid and reliable tool to detect the articular cartilage lesions in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Materials and methods: A literature search for the period of 2000-2011 was performed, using PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Thomson, EMBASE, OVID, CINAHL and MEDLINE databases. Osteoarthritis, MRI, cartilage lesions, imaging techniques were used as keywords, during 2000 to 2011.Results: The literature search yielded 150 relevant studies using the above keywords. Twenty articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria of the study. There was a wide variation among studies in terms of methodology, main outcome measures, sample size, procedure, imaging parameters, etc.Conclusion: The results indicate that there appears to be a convincing body of evidence to support the merit of MRI in the assessment of articular cartilage lesions in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

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Author(s): 

GHAEMIAN ALI | SHIRAJ HANIEH

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2012
  • Volume: 

    21
  • Issue: 

    SUPPLEMENT 1
  • Pages: 

    347-355
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    838
  • Downloads: 

    710
Abstract: 

The importance of cardiac biomarkers in the prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome is clear. However, measurement of cardiac biomarkers after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is controversial. In this review we have discussed the impact of increased cardiac biomarkers after elective PCI on the prognosis of patients. Also, the definition of myocardial infarction related to PCI, the mechanisms of increasing of cardiac biomarkers after PCI and its horizons have been discussed.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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