Iranian Food Science and Technology Research Journal
Year:2017 | Volume:13 | Issue:2 (42)|Papers Count:23

Introduction: In recent years, sugar-free or reduced-sugar foods and beverages are becoming very popular among the consumers. At the same time, consumers are increasingly concerned about the quality and safety of many products present in the diet, in particular, low-calorie synthetic or natural sweeteners. Sugar adds viscosity and provides body in drinks and semi-liquid foods like syrups and fruit juices. In order to achieve the same quality, taste and texture profile, reducing or removing sugar from a product often requires replacement with a number of alternative ingredients such as hydrocolloids. Hydrocolloids are widely used in many food formulations to improve quality attributes as thickening and gelling agents. …

Introduction: Increased awareness of diet-health association has led to the growth of health food industry. Deep-fat fried foods such as donuts enjoy wide popularity owing to their taste, distinctive flavor, aroma and crunchy texture. There is, however, a great health concern over large fat content of fried foods. Incorporating the dietary fiber such as hydrocolloids into the food substrate in the batter formulation is one of the most effective strategies to decrease fat uptake in fried foods. Dietary fibers act as water binders in a coating or batter formulation through which reduce fat uptake of fried foods. …

Introduction: Freezing is one of the ways to extend the shelf life and improve the chemical and microbiological stability of food products. Food products are exposed to different processes and the functional properties of the products change during these processing. Hydrocolloids are used to stabilize the products undergoing different food processing. However the addition of hydrocolloids to food products shifts the foods characters. On the other hand, hydrocolloids decrease the growing rate of ice crystals in dispersions. …

Introduction: Nowadays, with the development of imaging systems and image processing algorithms, a new branch of agriculture and food industry quality control has emerged. Meat and related products have high commercial value and they are one of the most important items of household food basket (Jackman et al., 2011). The apparent color of the meat is one of the most important ranking factors which determines the quality and marketing value (Ramirez and Cava, 2007; Shiranita et al., 2000). …

Introduction: Nutritional quality of food during storage has become increasingly an important problem. The loss of some nutrients such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) might be a critical factor for the shelf life of some products as citrus juice concentrates, since vitamin C content of citrus juices undergoes destruction during storage (Plaza et al., 2011a). Ascorbic acid is an important component of our nutrition and used as additive in many foods because of its antioxidant capacity. Thus, it increases quality and technological properties of food as well as nutritional value (Larisch et al., 1998). …

Introduction: In recent years, much attention has been focused on agricultural wastes especially those containing phenolic compounds with natural antioxidant properties. One of these sources is the green husks of walnuts. The contents of phenolic compounds of plants are influenced under various factors including genetic factors, agricultural varieties and the species, climate and extraction procedures. Extraction is the first step for researchers who work on plants. Traditional extraction techniques with solvent such as water have disadvantages such as time consuming process, solvent consumption and high labor work. …

Introduction: Scientific evidence has demonstrated that consumption of high-fat foods has direct connection with increasing incidences of various diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hardening of the artery walls and blood pressure. Thus, demand for low-fat foods has increasingly been promoted by health-conscious consumers. However, development of low-fat foods is challenging as fat makes a major contribution to sensory attributes of many foods. Low-fat cheeses are usually characterized as having a flat taste, more translucency and a rubbery and gummy texture. A common strategy for improving the properties of low-fat cheeses is to increase its moisture content sufficiently to provide moisture to protein ratio which is greater than or equal to its full-fat counterpart. …

Introduction: Cakes are usually formulated including wheat flour, sugar, egg and some liquids such as milk, water and oil. The textural properties of gluten in dough such as tensile, expansion and tolerance capability during mixing are major factors in baking industry. In fact, the structural protein to produce bread, cakes, muffins and biscuits is called gluten and the absence of gluten due to production of bakery products caused delicate texture, poor color, low size and porosity. The use of gluten-free flours such as corn, potatoes and rice, millet, Cassava, maize and sorghum in this category is inevitable. …

Introduction: Ispharzeh is a plant from genus Plantago whose seeds are used commercially for the production of mucilage. The plant is mainly cultivated in Iran and Middle East. Psyllium is mainly used as a dietary fiber to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea and occasionally as a food thickener. Research has also shown benefits in reducing cholesterol levels. Basil seed gum is a novel hydrocolloid extracted from Ocimum basilicum L. seeds. …

Introduction: Today, the demand for low calorie food based on fruits and easy production and keeping primary features including texture and taste is increasing. Jelly is one of low calorie products which is produced from fruits and other components, and its usage is increasing for human health. Chemical ingredients and natural features of fruits decrease the cancer. In addition to nutrition and medical values, rheological and texture features affect the general quality of fruit jelly. …

Introduction: Thermal properties of food during the frying process and mass transfer mechanisms (water and oil) can help in controlling the quality of the fried product (Fiszman et al., 2005). During the frying process, heat was transferred from the oil to the sample surface that it increases the temperature almost to 100oC, the water evaporates and moved out. The sample surface was covered by bubble layers with various size and distribution. The formation of vapor bubbles on the samples surface have been effective on the micro-flows which is one of the important factor in the coefficient of heat transfer (Sahin et al., 1999). …

Introduction: There have been great efforts to find safe and potent natural antioxidants from various plant sources. There is, at present, increasing interest both in the industry and scientific research for spices and aromatic herbs because of their strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, which exceed many currently used natural and synthetic antioxidants. Medicinal plants are complex natural mixtures which contain compounds at quite different concentrations, have antioxidant activities These properties are due to many substances, including some vitamins, flavonoids, terpenoids, carotenoids, phytoestrogens, minerals, etc. and render spices and some herbs or their antioxidant components as preservative agents in food and they were proposed as potential substitutes of synthetic antioxidants in food stuff. …

Introduction: In Iran, the main problem in greenhouse cucumber production and post-harvest shelf life is short due to the application of traditional packaging and storage methods. This research was carried out in order to investigate on the effects of packaging type and chitosan edible coating on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Royal Greenhouse cucumber during storage conditions, in order to prevent of Royal greenhouse cucumber postharvest losses. …

Introduction: Frying phenomena occur during the immersion of the product in oil at a temperature of 150-200oC, where a simultaneous heat and mass transfer take place. This is the most popular thermal processes of potato cooking. This fast drying is critical to improve the mechanical and structural properties of the final product. These conditions lead to high heat transfer rates, rapid cooking, browning, texture and flavor development. The fried potato is easier to transport and provides better texture. Researchers have assumed the existence of two regions for fried product, separated by an interface: the core (unfried) and crust (fried) regions. …

Introduction: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is a tropical plant and has the fifth ranking of world cereals production. One of the important aspects of sorghum is drought tolerance and little input need during growth which has made that suitable for cultivation in semiarid regions. Due to the presence of tannin compounds in internal part of sorghum grains and low digestion of cooked protein, sorghum flour consumption is limited. Sorghum grain contains more than 70% starch which is an important tasteless ingredient in food formulas, as the main source of energy and thickening and gelling agent. …

Introduction: Moringa is a tree that grows in hot and humid regions and produces oil seeds that contain about 33% edible oil. The tree is native to the south-west regions of Asia and it is cultivated in Hormozgan and in Sistan and Bluchestan provinces of Iran. The oil extracted from these seeds is edible and has some various industrial applications. The extracted oil usually contains considerable amount of dissolved impurities which must be removed prior to industrial usages. Major part of impurities is removed by settling or filtering process. …

Introduction: Grape syrup is a natural sugar source that is obtained by concentration of fruit juice up to about 70% soluble dry matter concentration. Iran is ranked in seventh place in terms of grape production in the world, so there's good potential for converting graph waste to the valuable food products. Grapes with inappropriate appearance can be converted to grape syrup and used as an ingredient in formulation of many food products. Cake is one of the most popular products in bakery and confectionery industry. Cake composed of different components such as flour, oil, milk, baking powder and sugar. …

Introduction: Pumpkin is one of the agricultural products that despite its very low price, is known as a rich source of carotenoids with high antioxidant activity. Iran is one of the good producers of pumpkin at the world with fifth rank which is cultivated at provinces like Mazandaran, Guilan, Khorasan, and Hamedan and so on extensively. Pumpkin is almost available for entire the year but many of them is spoiled and perished because of low storage equipments; on the other hand, unfortunately this valuable vegetable which is full of many types of carotenoids with high nutritive values, is not consumed by most of Iranian peoples, because of its low sensory properties such as no pleasant taste or odor; whereas it is used at many cuisines at other countries, especially North America. …