مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    1-9
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    554
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Motivation is one of the fundamental factors in learning that can affect variousaspects of student behavior in educational environments. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of learning experience and self-regulation with academic motivation in students of Qom University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 on a sample of 261 students at Qom University of Medical Sciences. The subjects were selected from six faculties through genderproportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected through Neuman`s quality of learning experience standard questionnaire, Hong and O’ Neil self-regulation questionnaire, and Vallerand`s academic motivation questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The total score of quality of learning experience and its subscales resources, content, and flexibility had a significant positive relationship with academic motivation. Also, the total score of self-regulation and its subscales had a significant positive relationship with academic motivation. The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that quality of learning experience and self-regulation would positively and significantly predict academic motivation and could explain around 12. 1% of the academic motivation variance. Conclusion: The results suggest that universities should focus on improving the quality of student learning experiences. Curriculum planners and educators are also recommended to design and employ appropriate teaching methods to enhance learners’ motivation and self-regulation skills.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    10-21
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    735
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Hidden curriculum is one of the concepts and topics discussed in the field of curriculum. It has been much considered in education research, but its impacts on the field of higher education have not been seriously taken into account. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of hidden curriculum components in the professional adaptability of students at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This paper is a descriptive, correlational study. The statistical population included all the students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2017-18 academic year. A sample of 361 was formed using simple random sampling determined by Morgan-Krejcie table. Data collection tools included an 11-component researcher-made hidden curriculum questionnaire (reliability coefficient: 0. 97) and Pourkabirian’ s twocomponent professional adaptability questionnaire (reliability coefficient: 0. 93). The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by a number of education sciences faculty members. The collected data were analyzed using one-sample t-test and canonical correlation coefficient. Results: The obtained mean scores in hidden curriculum components and professional adaptability were often higher than the theoretical mean scores. The canonical roots of both variables were statistically significant (correlation coefficient=0. 46 for the first root and 0. 28 for the second root). The 11 components of hidden curriculum, except evaluation and critical thinking, were significantly related to professional adaptability. The hidden curriculum components explained 27% (in the first canonical root) and 9% (in the second canonical root) of the changes in professional adaptability. Conclusion: The extracted variance indices and overlaps suggest that in the second root, the hidden curriculum components are not a strong predictor of professional adaptability, and that the varying state of professional adaptability cannot be predicted based on these components.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    22-32
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    391
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The quality of the professor-student relationship can be effective on teaching and students` performance. A valid questionnaire can help researchers in this field. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of Professor-Student Rapport Scale. Methods: In a descriptive-correlational study and more precisely, test validation, 497 students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were selected by multistage random sampling method and completed Wilson and Ryan`s Professor-Student Rapport Scale and Marsh`s Student Evaluation of Educational Quality Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, predictive validity and internal consistency. Results: The results showed that the scale has a two-factor structure that explains 62. 15% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed this structure. The internal consistency of the scale with the calculation of Cronbach's alpha for perceptions of teacher and student engagement was 0. 86 and 0. 92, respectively, and the split-half coefficients were 0. 88 and 0. 92, respectively. Perceptions of teacher subscale could predict the educational quality. Conclusion: Professor-Student Rapport scale had a good validity and reliability in the sample of medical sciences students and can be used as a precise instrument in this regard.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    33-43
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    499
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: In recent years, coaching is one of the novel methods of education. Coaching is a process that can enhance both self-esteem and self-efficacy, which have an effective contribution in the educational environments. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of coaching method in educational activities of faculty members in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-survey study was performed on all faculty members and students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2017-2018 academic years. 257 faculty members and 361 students were selected through the stratified random sampling method. Data collection tools were two researcher-made questionnaires about faculty members and students' coaching method, which was used after confirming its validity and reliability. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics such as single sample t-test and independent t-test. Results: The rate of the application of coaching method was desirable, so that from the viewpoints of faculty members and students respectively, the mean scores (± SD) of the components: individual characteristics and conditions (36. 87± 6. 71, 33. 6 ± 8. 9), the trainer's condition and characteristics (27. 83 ± 3. 93, 25. 5 ± 22. 34), and requirements and conditions of the organization (24. 21 ± 4. 55, 30. 44 ± 5. 05), were higher than the theoretical average. Conclusion: The results showed that the faculty members` attitudes towards the quality of their use of coaching were more favorable than students. Therefore, it is necessary to provide more context and background for students to familiarize them with this educational method

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    44-53
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    1075
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Self-compassion among nurses leads to spiritual care of the patients, which is an effective psychological component in the spiritual and emotional intelligence of nurses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence with self-compassion of nursing students in Islamic Azad University, Babol Medical Sciences University. Methods: In this descriptive correlational research, the statistical population included all female nursing students of Islamic Azad University of Babol Medical Sciences University in 2017, and 169 of whom were selected by random sampling method. The research data were collected by King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008), Bar-on's Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1980) and Neff’ s Self-Compassion Scale (2003). The collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and multiple regression. Results: Emotional intelligence with mean and Standard deviation(51. 60± 8. 42) and spiritual intelligence with mean and Standard deviation(269. 14± 19. 40) could predict 34. 9% of the self-compassion dispersion with mean and Standard deviation of 79. 44± 7. 36 (P <0. 01). Moreover, there was a positive and significant relationship between spiritual intelligence, critical existential thinking, the production of personal meaning, transcendental consciousness, and the extension of consciousness with self-compassion (P <0. 01). Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence, inner-personal skills, interpersonal skills, compatibility, coping with pressure and public creation with self-compassion (P <0. 01). Conclusion: Spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence had a positive and significant relationship with self-compassion in nursing. The importance of attention to the self-compassion variable requires more attention from mental health professionals due to the major role of nurses in caring.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    54-66
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    680
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Conducting comparative studies is one of the research methods for revising and modernizing educational programs. The aim of this study was to compare the emergency nursing MSc curriculum in Iran and the USA. Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was conducted in 2018 at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Vanderbilt University was selected through internet searches due to the relative similarity between the fields of study offered by the given universities and then two curricula were compared using Bereday’ s four-stage model: description, interpretation, juxtaposition and comparison. Results: The program offered by both universities had certain mission, vision and goals. The goal of Vanderbilt University was to train professional clinical nurses while the goal of Iran's program was to provide the graduates with the proficiency in the clinical, educational, research and managerial fields. The admission requirements in both universities included holding a bachelor`s degree in nursing and having at least two years of clinical nursing experience. In Iran, the graduate students in Emergency Medicine can also take the examination. Some of the requirements for the admission to Vanderbilt University were a confirmation letter of clinical competence, a confirmation letter of at least three faculty members and a good GPA and students can study at a university whether full-time or part-time. Conclusion: The Emergency Nursing MSc curriculum in Iran was designed as a general program, whereas Vanderbilt University curriculum was more specialized and operational with an emphasis on clinical practice. Differences in course credits offered by Emergency Medicine and Nursing bachelor's programs and their different fields of service make it necessary to revise the relevant curricula or develop separate educational paths for these two fields.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    67-77
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    503
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Over the last two decades, the concept of internationalization of higher education has been strongly considered and become one of the main priorities of universities worldwide. This study aimed to examine the Promoting and hampering factors influencing internationalization of state universities of Tehran. Methods: This was a qualitative study and data were analyzed using content analysis methods. The study population consisted of university experts and faculty members with published works on internationalization, experience in teaching at international universities or teaching experience in international education courses, managers of international offices, and deans of international faculties in state universities in Tehran city. A total of 12 participants were selected for this study through purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The methods employed to assess the validity and reliability of the data included review by members and review by co-researchers. Results: The findings showed that the Promoting factors influencing internationalization of universities included raising awareness, policy-making, communicating, allotting funding and facilities, empowering human resources, and promoting freedom and academic autonomy. Whereas, hampering factors included political, economic, socio-cultural, scientific-pedagogical, and organizational factors. Conclusion: Since participants believed that there are considerable factors hampering the internationalization of Tehran's state universities, it is suggested that policymakers and higher education planners consider milestones to eliminate or reduce hampering factors in political, economic, socio-cultural, scientific-pedagogical and organizational areas. This could happen by planning and implementing programs for informing, policy-making and planning, communicating with other universities, allotting funding and facilities, empowering human resources, and promoting freedom and academic autonomy.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    78-89
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    555
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Narrative writing-reflection is an effective method in health sciences students’ clinical education. This study aimed to explore nursing students’ experiences of narrative writing-reflection method in clinical education. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis approach in Baqiyatallah nursing faculty. Data were collected through six personal semi-structured interviews as well as two focus groups with students. The participants were selected through purposive sampling and continued to data saturation. All interviews were transcribed word by word and were analyzed using conventional content analysis approach. Text data were managed by MAXQD 10 software. Results: Students` experiences of narrative writing-reflection method in clinical education identified one theme “ perception of self-worthiness in clinical active learning” and four main categories: “ self-awareness” , “ promotion of self-efficacy and motivation” , “ participatory and active learning” , “ self-expression and catharsis” . Conclusion: Promotion of students’ self-worthiness by use of narrative writing-reflection in clinical education can provide appropriate context for their professional development.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    90-100
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    587
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Morning report is one of the most effective methods in clinical education. The purpose of this paper was to assess the current state of morning report in the Department of Internal Medicine at Kashan University of Medical Sciences in order to identify the weaknesses and standardize this important educational procedure. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Department of Internal Medicine at Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire based on the clinical education standards developed by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Deputy of Education. First, the weaknesses were identified in the morning report sessions by surveying the stagers, interns and residents selected by means of census method from all of the internal medicine learners (15 stagers, 6 interns, and 9 residents). Then, faculty members were lectured on the correct way of holding morning report session. After the trainings, the participants were resurveyed using the same questionnaire and the extent of changes in complying with the educational standards was measured. The data were analyzed by Chi-square test and Fisher’ s exact test. Results: The standards with significant increase in full compliance after the intervention were as follows: complete observation of “ step-by-step discussion” (p<0. 001), “ differential diagnosis” (p=0. 001), “ discussion of diagnostic tests” (p<0. 001), “ discussion of systematic approach” (p=0. 005), “ discussion of radiology images” (p=0. 002), “ provision of appropriate conditions for teacher-learner interactions” (p=0. 004), “ attention to learners’ attendance” (p=0. 001), and “ teacher-learner eye-contact” (p=0. 024). Conclusion: The training of the internal medicine faculty members in morning report had a positive effect on the standardization, and the quality of education and its compliance with the standards may be improved by continuous trainings.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    101-103
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    255
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

اصلاح نظام سلامت در کشور ها به شیوه های متفاوت ولی با اهداف مشترک انجام شده است. در ایران راه اندازی شبکه های بهداشت و درمان کشور یکی از این تجربه ها بوده است(1تا3). طرح تحول نظام سلامت از اوایل سال 1393 به صورت جدی به عنوان یک اولویت در برنامه های وزارت بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی قرار گرفت، که می توان آن را از ابعاد مختلف مورد بررسی قرار داد و قطعاً نظام آموزشی بهداشتی و پژوهشی و حتی فرهنگی دانشگاه ها از اجرای این طرح تأثیرپذیر خواهند بود(4). یکی از ابعاد این طرح، مقیمی پزشکان است. منابع خبری، مقیمی پزشکان را چالشی ترین بخش برنامه تحول سلامت ذکر کرده اند(5). با توجه به اجرای این طرح در بیمارستان های آموزشی بسیار منطقی خواهد بود که اثرات مثبت این طرح در سیستم آموزشی و پژوهشی مورد بررسی قرار گیرد و در عین حال لازم است عوارض منفی ناشی از آن را نیز ارزیابی کرد تا نقاط ضعف اصلاح شود. بر همین اساس در یک مطالعه کیفی اثرات اجرای طرح تحول نظام سلامت بر آموزش دستیاران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    104-113
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    329
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Pediatrics assistants should have the same training program. Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences has seven training hospital, however, there are no similar specialized departments in all of these hospitals. Therefore, it is necessary to develop identical rotational style in order to train assistants according curriculum. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the pediatrics assistants' skills scores in clinic, before and after the executive rotational style. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in two successive steps in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. In the first step, the rotational guideline was developed by the specialists and used for pediatrics assistants since 2015. The second step was carried out in 2017. In this phase, the effect of the implementation of the guideline was investigated by a researcher-made questionnaire. Eighty-four questionnaires were distributed among the pediatrics assistants of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Sixty-nine assistants fulfilled the questionnaires. Thirty-eight assistants have been trained by the rotational program and, 31 assistants have been trained by the old one. Data were collected from questionnaires, and analyzed using Spss software version 16. 0. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the clinical skills scores were higher in rotational group of assistants, camper with the others especially in wards of neonatal, nephrology, emergency, infectious, gastroenterology, lung, heart, rheumatology, hematology, and oncology. The rotational group assistants earned lower clinical skills scores than the others in endocrinology (3. 7± 1. 5) and asthma and allergy (4. 3± 2. 1) departments. Conclusion: the findings indicated that the implementation of rotational style in Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences had a positive effect on the pediatrics assistants' clinical skills improvement.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    114-123
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    374
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Medical education is a broad field of study that, as a subset of educational research, examines inputs, processes and outputs associated with teaching and learning medical sciences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of medical education studies by Iranian researchers among the educational publications indexed in Web of Science from 1990 to 2015. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted using Co-Word analysis (a scientometrics method). The research population was comprised of all Iranian scientific outputs in the field of education, indexed in the Web of Science database between 1990 to 2015. Results: The review yielded a total of 2954 articles by 6643 authors. Three influential and prolific authors were affiliated with medical sciences universities. The words education, student, health, women, learning, knowledge, risk, medicine, quality, and school were the most widely used words among the concepts under study. Conclusion: With a remarkable growth in Iran, medical education has attracted the greatest part of educational research in recent years, such that the articles by the most influential and prolific authors, top journals and institutes related to the subject of education in Web of Science are in the medical and paramedical field.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    124-125
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    3464
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

استدلال بالینی فرایند منطقی جمع آوری نکات کلیدی اطلاعات، درک مشکلات و وضعیت بیمار، برنامه ریزی و اجرای مداخلات، ارزیابی مداخلات و بازخورد در فرایند یادگیری است(1). داشتن آن به عنوان شایستگی و دید بالینی، ضروری تلقی می شود. با این حال، تعداد کمی از برنامه های آموزشی بر این استراتژی آموزشی نوآورانه و خلاقانه تأکید دارد(2). ممکن است عدم توجه کافی به استدلال بالینی و مفاهیم مربوط به آن، دلیل این باشد که اشتباهات تشخیصی هنوز عامل اصلی آسیب بیمار هستند. استدلال بالینی یک فرآیند تفکر منطقی است که پزشک را به گام های عاقل و هدف مند در تشخیص و درمان هدایت می کند. این در تمام مراحل برخورد با بیمار، از مراحل ابتدایی گرفتن تاریخچه بیماری تا اتمام درمان و پیگیری وجود دارد(3). استدلال بالینی شامل چهار مؤلفه؛ جمع آوری اطلاعات، فرضیه سازی بالینی، آزمون فرضیه و تصمیم گیری بالینی (حل مسأله) است. در واقع برای رسیدن به استدلال بالینی فرآیندی شناختی شکل می گیرد. این یک فرآیند فرضیه محور است که نیازمند سامان دهی دانسته ها، ایجاد روابط عالی مناسب، ساخت فرضیه و آزمایش آن است(4). روش تدریس سنتی یک رویکرد استاد شاگردی یا خردسالان و یا تعلیمات سرپرستی نیز نامیده می شود، که در آن به فرایند شناختی منجر به استدلال بالینی توجه بالایی ندارد. فارغ التحصیلان چنین سیستمی معمولاً در کاربرد آموخته های نظری خود در محیط بالینی دچار مشکل می شوند(5). استدلال بالینی جزء کلیدی مراقبت از بیمار و مهارتی است که توسط پزشکان به صورت روزانه به کار گرفته می شود. بسیاری از تکنیک های آموزشی برای آموزش دانشجویان پزشکی از جمله آموزش مبتنی بر مشکل، یادگیری مبتنی بر تیم و ارائه های بالینی، اجرا می شود. علی رغم نیاز واضحی برای استدلال بالینی، اساتید پزشکی، هیچ استاندارد طلایی برای توسعه این مهارت ها ندارند(6). استدلالبالینی در آموزش پزشکی کشور مغفول مانده و به آموزش آن توجه شایانی نمی شود و در ارزیابی های رسمی موردسنجش قرار نمی گیرد، آزمون هایی که در کشور برای ارزیابی دانشجویان برگزار می شوند یکسره محفوظات و دانسته ها را ارزیابی می کنند و معمولاً سطوح بالاتر تفکر همچون حل خلاقانه مسائل و استدلال کمتر مورد ارزیابی قرار می گیرند (7). لذا پیشنهاد می شود با توجه به اهمیت استدلال بالینی در افزایش کیفیت یادگیری فراگیران علوم پزشکی و کاهش خطا های پزشکی و توجه برگزار کننده های المپیادهای دانشجویی به این حیطه در سال های اخیر، اساتید رشته های علوم پزشکی توجه خاصی به پرورش و یاددهی این مهارت در دانشجویان داشته باشند و در معاونت آموزشی وزارت بهداشت تدابیری برای فراگیری این نوع آموزش و طرح آزمون هایی برای ارزیابی دانشجویان در حیطه استدلال بالینی اتخاذ گردد.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    126-135
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    436
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Professional ethics is defined as one of the necessities in the medical profession; this way, it can be conceptualized and integrated for students in the form of teachers’ relationship to others. Effective communication with the patient is one of the important interactions of educational authorities. In view of that, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of students' perception of the relationship between faculty members and patients on their professional ethics in Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional type. The population included medical students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 2018. In this study, 151 subjects were sampled using Morgan table and stratified-random sampling method (based on educational grade). Data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed both descriptively and inferentially (correlation & multiple regressions. Results: Findings revealed that the relationship between faculty members and the patient can predict the professional ethics of the students in education and research (R2 = 0. 09, P <0. 01) as well as their relationship with colleagues (R2 = 0. 04, P <0. 01). Conclusion: Seeing as the relationship between the faculty members and the patient affects the development of professional ethics of medical students, the interaction of the faculty with other people is one of the important issues affecting the development of professional ethics of students; accordingly, planning to improve the relationship between teachers and the patient through running workshops and in-service training courses seems indispensable.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    136-145
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    532
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Studies have shown that educational environments play an important role in the success, happiness and motivation of the students. The aim of this study was to investigate the perspective of dental students regarding their learning environment in the dental school of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all dental students studying in 2016 were selected (229 pre-clinical students and 383 clinical education students). The students' perspectives about their learning environment were examined in seven domains through the DSLES (Dental Student Learning Environment survey) questionnaire with 48 questions. Validity and reliability of this research tool have already been confirmed by Mojtahedzadeh et al. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Chi Square and T-test. Results: 336 out of 612 questionnaires were completed and analyzed. The findings showed that positive attitude toward dentistry was seen in 87% of students (n=287). The highest score and the lowest score were in the field of organization and supportiveness. The mean scores obtained for the fields of flexibility, emotional environment, meaningful experience and breadth of interest were 1. 9 ± 0. 5, 2. 1 ± 0. 4, 2. 0 ± 0. 4 and 2. 1 ± 0. 6, respectively. The scores of flexibility (P <0. 01), student-student interaction (P <0. 002), breadth of interest (P <0. 01) and the total mean (P <0. 002) in Pre-clinical were higher significantly. There was a significant correlation between meaningful experience and GPA (p=0. 04). Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that more attention be paid to flexibility in the content of the curriculum and communicational ways between the students and heads of the faculty to answer their concerns.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    145-155
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    383
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Today, one of the most important challenges in teaching oral and maxillofacial pathology is how to teach it to dental students. The purpose of this study was to review the implementation and evaluation of the Practical Pathology Curriculum in order to achieve the goals of applied pathology education for dental students. Methods: First, a need assessment was conducted so that the view of students in the faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences who had completed the practical oral and maxillofacial pathology unit 2 during the last 2 years were collected using a questionnaire. Then, using the view of faculty members and considering the student opinions and reviewing the texts and similar experiences in other universities in the world, amendments were made to the course mentioned above. After the implementation of the modifications, we gathered the student’ s view using the same questionnaire. Results: In the need assessment phase, 92 students (controls) and after the implementation of the modification, 62 students (cases) completed the questionnaire. A significant improvement in the assessment of students in some items such as their overall assessment of educational quality (p = 0. 008) and the mean score of the questionnaire (p = 0. 00) was observed. Regarding the students grades in the final exam, after the implementation of the modifications, a slight improvement was observed although this was not statistically significant (p = 0. 431). Conclusion: The above mentioned modifications results an improvement in the overall satisfaction of students with the teaching quality of practical pathology course, although the average score of the final exam did not show a significant increase.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    157-165
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    601
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Effective teaching requires methods that can develop appropriate knowledge and skills in students. This study aimed to assess the effect of inquiry-based teaching method in medical education through reviewing the related literature. Methods: In this Narrative review study, using the keywords clinical education, inquiry-based teaching method and medical education, all articles published between 2010 and 2018 were searched in Magiran, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medical Teacher. The articles were assessed according to the fields of medical education and after reviewing the articles and removing the duplicates, inquiry-based teaching methods and their fields were classified and ultimately 15 articles were extracted. Results: The review of 15 articles on the application of inquiry-based teaching method in medical education showed that this method is responsible for favorable educational and training impacts on students. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it is recommended that faculty members of theoretical and clinical courses should use inquiry-based teaching method for their classes. Faculty deans also should lay the groundwork for application of this teaching method.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    166-168
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    3686
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

امروزه با بمباران اطلاعاتی توسط تعداد زیادی از مقالاتی که هر روزه در مجلات مختلف به چاپ می رسند و حرکت به سمت تصمیم گیری های مبتنی بر شواهد، مطالعات مروری اهمیت زیادی پیدا کرده اند(1تا3). مطالعات مروری برای استفاده بهینه از حجم بالای اطلاعات تولید شده توسط مقالات و ارائه ترکیبی از شواهد به صورت خلاصه، مورد توجه پژوهشگران رشته های مختلف در دنیا قرار گرفته اند، اما به کارگیری این روش در بین پژوهشگران ایرانی، به نسبت کم تر بوده است(3و4). یکی از مهم ترین دلایل این موضوع ناآشنایی پژوهشگران با جنبه های روش شناسی مطالعات مروری است. مطالعات مروری در یک دسته بندی کلی به دو دسته اصلی مرور روایتی و مرور نظام مند تقسیم می شوند که مشخصات و اهداف متفاوتی دارند(5و6). هدف این دست نوشته بیان تفاوت های بین مطالعات مرور روایتی و نظام مند است. مطالعات مروری روایتی (توصیفی یا سنتی)، مطالعاتی هستند که منابع علمی در مورد یک موضوع خاص را در حیطه های وسیع تر از یک مرور نظام مند، به صورت نظری و محتوایی، بدون روش کار اختصاصی و شفاف، توصیف و بحث می کنند(2و6و7). مرور روایتی بدون هیچ روش از پیش تعریف شده و نظام مندی انجام می شود به طوری که حتی در برخی مقالات مروری روایتی، بسته به سبک مجله، نوشتن قسمت روش کار ضروری نیست(2و8). در این نوع مرور، محقق به صورت واضح نحوه جستجوی منابع و پایگاه های داده ای که مورد جستجو قرار گرفته است، معیارهای ورود و خروج مطالعات اولیه به مرور و نحوه ارزیابی کیفیت و ترکیب نتایج آن ها را مشخص نمی کند(5و6و8و9). طبق نظر نویسنده که در مورد موضوع مرور متخصص و صاحب نظر است، مرتبط ترین منابع بدون این که در مورد انتخاب آن شفاف سازی صورت گیرد، انتخاب می شوند و وارد مرور می گردند. نویسنده معمولاً منابعی را انتخاب می کند که نظرات او را تقویت می کنند و منابعی که نظرات متفاوت با نویسنده دارند را حتی اگر روش تحقیق خوبی داشته باشند، مورد توجه قرار نمی دهد. این جهت گیری در انتخاب مقالات در نهایت می تواند منجر به سوگرایی انتخاب شود و نتایج مطالعه را منحرف کند(9تا13). از آنجا که تا حد زیادی تحت تأثیر نظرات نویسنده است، نتایج آن قابل اطمینان نیست و توسط محققان دیگر قابل تکرار نیست؛ اما زمانی که در ارتباط با موضوع موردنظر منابع و شواهد کمی وجود دارد، می تواند مفید باشد(9و10و14). مطالعات مروری نظام مند (ساختار یافته)، در دهه 1970 در علوم اجتماعی آغاز شدند و در دهه 1990 در پاسخ به نگرانی ها در مورد اعتبار علمی مرورهای روایتی، به طور سریعی گسترش یافتند(15). هدف اصلی مرور نظام مند فرموله کردن یک سؤال مشخص و اختصاصی و ارائه یک پاسخ خلاصه ی دقیق از تمام منابع موجود، همراه با ترکیب کیفی یا کمی (فرا تحلیل) شواهد مرتبط است(2و11و13و16). این نوع مرور بر اساس یک ساختار کلی، شامل تعیین سؤال پژوهشی، تهیه پروتکل پژوهش، جستجوی جامع پایگاه های داده با یک استراتژی جستجوی شفاف، یافتن منابع مرتبط و انتخاب آن ها با معیارهای ورود و خروج مشخص، استخراج داده ها از منابع، ارزیابی کیفیت منابع مرتبط با چک لیست های استاندارد، ترکیب و ارائه نتایج بطور خلاصه و شفاف و نتیجه گیری بر اساس شواهد است(16تا19). با توجه به این که مرور نظام مند دارای یک پروتکل از پیش تعیین شده و روش شفاف و ساختار یافته است، نتایج آن قابلیت اطمینان بیش تری دارند و توسط سایر محققان با روش مشابه، قابل تکرار است(10). با این که نتایج مرور نظام مند برای تصمیم گیری مبتنی بر شواهد قابل استفاده می باشند ولی در استفاده و تفسیر نتایج این مطالعات هم باید به کیفیت روش پژوهشی استفاده شده در آن و مواردی مانند روش مطالعات اولیه و سوگرایی در آنها، سوگرایی انتشار و ناهمگونی مطالعات، نیز توجه شود(20و21). مهم ترین تفاوت ها بین مطالعات مرور نظام مند و روایتی ناشی از تفاوت در روش تحقیق این نوع مطالعات است. به طوری که مرور نظام مند دارای روش تحقیق کاملاً شفاف، ساختارمند و از پیش تعریف شده است؛ ولی در مرور روایتی روش تحقیق شفاف و واضحی وجود ندارد. عدم این شفافیت در روش تحقیق باعث می شود که نتایج مرور روایتی به نظرات و سلیقه ی نویسنده وابسته باشد. در نهایت این تفاوت ها باعث می شود تا یک مرور نظام مند با کیفیت در راس هرم اعتبار و کیفیت شواهد برای تصمیم گیری ها قرار گیرد؛ در حالی که مرور روایتی در سطوح پایین از نظر شواهد معتبر قرار می گیرد(11و16و20و21). در جدول 1 تفاوت های اصلی مطالعات مروری نظام مند و روایتی نشان داده شده است. در برخی موارد ممکن است مطالعاتی مروری انجام شوند که تا حدودی رویکرد نظام مند داشته باشند ولی تمام معیار های لازم مانند معیارهای سخت گیرانه کوکران (Cochrane) (19) برای یک مرور نظام مند را نداشته باشند و در طیفی بین مطالعات مروری روایتی و نظام مند قرار گیرند(8).

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    169-179
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    549
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: In recent decades, self-regulated learning has been identified as an important factor in academic achievement and performance. The aim of this study was to present a causal model for factors affecting self-regulated learning among MSc students of Paramedical Sciences in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the data were collected through a combined questionnaire which was completed by a number of 310 of Paramedical Students. The participants of the study were selected through a multistage method (cluster, stratified and random sampling) in 2018-19 at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The data were analyzed by path analysis using Amos, Lisrel and SPSS. Results: The results showed that the three endogenous factors (perfectionism, task value, future orientation) had a significant effect on the academic self-regulation in the students. The highest total effect on selfregulation was related to perfectionism and academic self-efficacy (0. 43) among the exogenous variables. Conclusion: Considering the goodness of fit indices and investigation of the model as a whole in the study group, the model had a good fit for the indices and can be used in decision making and policy making.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

SHAKURNIA ABDOLHUSSEIN

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    180-188
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2112
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The distractors have a very important role in Multiple-Choice Question (MCQ) and it can influence the quality of the tests. This study aimed to investigate frequency of functioning and non-functioning distractors and the relationship between the distractors options with difficulty and discrimination in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences in 2017. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, the distractors of the MCQs in the immunology were examined. The distractors were those that selected by more than 5% of the examinees', they were considered as Functioning Distractors (FDs) and by less than 5% of the examinees' were considered as non-functioning distractors (NFDs). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variances and Pearson correlation coefficient; for all tests error was considered as 5%. Results: Out of 2124 distractors, 1361 (64. 08%) were FDs and 763 (35. 92%) were NFDs. The frequency of MCQs with 0, 1, 2 and 3 FDs was 12. 4%, 19. 5%, 31. 5% and 36. 6%, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the number of FDs and the difficulty index (r=0. 442, p=0. 000), but there was not a significant correlation between the number of FDs and the discriminative index of MCQs (r=0. 043, p=0. 259). Conclusion: The findings showed that more than one-thirds of the distractors were NFDs. As a result of increasing the number of NFDs, the difficulty and the discriminative indices of questions decreased and led to a drop in the quality of the test. Item analysis results could be used to identify and remove non-functioning distractors from MCQs that have been used to improve the quality exam.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    189-198
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    709
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Several factors have contributed to the creation and development of knowledge sharing culture. Awareness of these factors and their impact on knowledge sharing seems to be vital for educational organizations. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the factors affecting sharing knowledge among faculty members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was conducted in 2018 by descriptive-survey method. The population consisted of all the 225 faculty members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences who were surveyed by census of all members of the community. Data collection was done via questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts. AS to the reliability of the questionnaire, it was calculated through Cronbach's alpha. To analyze the data, descriptive analysis, one-sample T-test and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Results: The findings showed that individual-humanistic, organizational-institutional, cultural, leadershipmanagement and technological infrastructures are factors that affect knowledge sharing. The highest average was of individual-humanistic factors (4. 84± 0. 75) as well as organizational-institutional (4. 07± 0. 66). Also, leadership-management factors (2. 68± 0. 87), cultural (2. 29± 0. 73) and technological infrastructures (1. 11± 0. 99) could be ranked, in lower position respectively. Pearson correlation test (0. 78) showed that there is a significant relationship among all the factors of knowledge sharing at the significance level of 0. 01. The results of factor analysis confirmed the effect of the five factors studied on knowledge sharing as well. Conclusion: Individual-humanistic, organizational-institutional, cultural, leadership-management and technological infrastructures are factors affecting the sharing of knowledge among the faculty members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. In view of these, to develop a process of sharing knowledge, taking into account all five effective factors, attention needs to be paid to individual-humanistic and organizationalinstitutional factors.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    199-212
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    357
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Despite the consensus on the role of teachers in identity formation of learners, the assessment of the professional behavior of faculty members has not been paid enough attention. Professionalism is best taught in clinical settings through role modeling of teachers. Students can observe the behavior of the physicians, this way, professionalism evaluation in practicing physicians is important. This study endeavored to develop a 360-degree tool for assessing the professional behavior of clinical attending. Methods: This study was conducted in four phases. In the first phase we designed item pool based on a review of literature and experts’ views, in the second phase, content validity and face validity of items were authnticated. In the next phase a pilot study was conducted on 40 people (20 faculty members & 20 assistants). In the versy last phase the reliability of the instrument was calculated on 18 faculty members, 10 head of departments, 16 residents and 17 nurses. Results: Based on validity and reliability assessment, item pool reduced to 18. Seven items were assigned to department heads, 6 items to colleagues, 8 items to assistants, and 5 items to nurses. It was also found that patients were able to evaluate the professional behavior of clinical members in four aspects. Conclusion: A 360 degree instrument containing five sections and 18 items was developed that can examine the professional behavior of faculty of members of school of medicine, taking into account the views of stakeholders including service providers and patients.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    213-215
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    195
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

با توجه به استفاده از مواد رادیواکتیو در درمان بیماری ها، مدیریت بیماران حوادث هسته ای یکی از نیازهای آموزشی پزشکان است که از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار است. حوادث هسته ای به عنوان تماس غیر عمد با اشعه های یونیزان یا آلودگی با رادیو نوکلئوتید ها تعریف می شود. وجود ذرات رادیواکتیو بر روی سطح در معرض اشعه را آلودگی رادیواکتیو گویند و ارائه خدمات درمانی برای بیماران دچار آلودگی رادیواکتیو را کنترل آلودگی رادیواکتیو می نامند(1). تدابیر پزشکی در مواجهه با یک اورژانس هسته ای شامل فعالیت هایی است که باعث محافظت خود و دیگر افراد در معرض اشعه است(2). مقایسه روش های تدریس در آموزش عالی از دیرباز مورد توجه بوده است توسعه تکنولوژی اطلاعات و فناوریِ ابزارهای آموزشی موجب توسعه برنامه های آموزشی گردیده و نیاز به تغییرات در روش های یاددهی – یادگیری را افزایش می دهد(3). رسانه های آموزشی به کلیه امکاناتی اطلاق می شود که می توانند شرایطی را برای دانشجویان به وجود آورند که تحت آن شرایط قادرند، اطلاعات، رفتار و مهارت های جدیدی را با درک کامل به دست آورند(4). استفاده مکرر و در دسترس بودن این رسانه های آموزشی لزوم و اهمیت آنها را افزایش داده است ولیکن لازم است در هر مورد پس از کاربرد آنها را ارزشیابی نمود و نقاط ضعف یا قوت آنها را مشخص کرد پزشکان و متخصصین سلامت در زمینه شناخت راه های مدیریت بیماران آلودگی های هسته ای نیاز به آموزش دارند(5). هدف این مطالعه بررسی میزان اثر یادگیری و ماندگاری مطالب در کارورزهای دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سمنان در دو روش سخنرانی و لوح فشرده بود.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    216-224
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    374
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: One of the main duties of universities in Iran is training of general students. Therefore, the educational process of dental students of general dentistry should be evaluated and compared in all of these universities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the views of dental students in Isfahan, Yazd, Kashan in comprehensive science exams. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 277 students of Medical Universities of Isfahan, Yazd and Kashan participated in the study. A data collection tool was a pre-made questionnaire, containing 26 questions in five options in seven areas. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, that is to say, One-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient T-test were used for data analysis. Results: Comparison of mean scores in the University of the United University based on one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the benefit of the test (2. 894 ± 0. 94) (f =. 05, p =. 698), and the mean value (± 11. 55) / 3) (f = 717/3 = p <0. 05) between universities. Based on student admission quota at university and based on T-test, there was no significant difference as far as gender was considered. There was no significant difference between the males and females based on student admission quotas in the university and based on the T-test. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the content of the questions based on the one-way ANOVA test (p> 0. 05) ± 3. 09) (2. 362 f =, p <0. 05), and test benefits (2. 8 ± 0. 94) (f = 0. 059, p <0. 05). Conclusion: In this study, although most students considered the basic science exam as essential for measuring information, they did not consider the test score to be a student's knowledge. Considering all the findings of the research, it seems that the revision of the basic science exam and its holding as a comprehensive dental exam in the late stages of the general course has more beneficial effects on the goals of the new dental curriculum.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    225-230
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    465
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Nurses have stressful attitudes towards psychiatric patients who play significant role in their care. This study endeavored to determine the effect of group therapy on the anxiety of nursing students in psychiatric ward of Babol Yahyanejad hospital. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study sample consisted of 36 nursing students of the fifth semester at Babol Islamic Azad university who were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated for six sessions of group therapy while the control group passed training sessions, they did not attend these sessions. The survey instrument included demographic characteristics, Spielbergerr Anxiety Inventory. Data were analyzed through covariance test. Results: The majority of the samples, 11 students (61. 1%) had moderate to low anxiety in the experimental and control groups before the treatment group, while the majority of the samples (61. 1%) in the experimental group after the group therapy received mild anxiety. According to the results of the covariance analysis, the two groups after the test significantly (p <0. 05) were different in terms of anxiety level. Conclusion: These results indicated the effectiveness of group therapy in reducing anxiety of students in the Psychiatry ward. According to the results holding training classes on how to deal with Patients and systematic interview process before attending in psychiatric wards is recommended.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    231-238
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    967
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Academic self-efficacy can be affected by cognition, metacognition, and incentive factors. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between resilience and attachment styles with academic selfefficacy among Nursing students. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 190 undergraduate nursing students in the academic years 2016-2017 in Babol University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was simple randomization method. To gather data, academic self-efficacy, Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment and Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaires were used. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 18, descriptive and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation coefficient, Linear Regression, and kolmogrov-smironov for determining normality of tests. Results: Findings showed a significant positive correlation between resilience and academic self-efficacy (p=0/00). However, there was no significant correlation between attachment styles and academic self-efficacy (p=0. 26) and its dimensions (secure attachment, avoidant attachment, anxious-ambivalent attachment) (p>0. 01). Conclusion: According to the results, the resiliency variable is capable of low prediction of academic selfefficacy, and attachment styles did not predict academic self-efficacy among nursing students; therefore, it is recommended implications of resilience promotion workshops in Nursing students.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    239-247
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1043
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Spiritual Intelligence is a type of adaptation and behavior that assists a person in order to go with the environment, health, improve performance and so on. This study was conducted to investigate the possible relationship between spiritual intelligence and academic motivation as well as academic vitality in students of Arak University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted in the academic years 2017-2018. 341 students were selected from Arak University of Medical Sciences through stratified random sampling method taking gender into consideration. Data collected by standard questionnaires spiritual intelligence, academic motivation Fredericks et al. and academic vitality by HossianChari and Dehghanizadeh. Data were analyzed using inferential statistics Pearson correlation and independent t-test analysis. Results: The results of the Pearson correlation test revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between spiritual intelligence with academic motivation (P=0/000, r=0. 284), and academic vitality (P=0/000, r=0/248). There was a significant positive relationship between academic motivation and academic vitality (P=0/008, r= 0/149). Likewise, there was a significant difference between male and female students average scores in academic vitality (P=0/001). Conclusion: Training spiritual intelligence skills, as variables in the academic achievement, which can lead to increased academic motivation and academic vitality it seems important especially in the professional performance of students.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    248-255
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    375
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Evidence indicates that the customary way of teaching is not enough to improve students' skill and competence after graduation. This study aimed to explain the experiences of Dentistry students in relation to community-based education (education in the field), which was done through written reflection by the students. Methods: This study was carried out embracing qualitative approach in the academic year. 28 senior dentistry students according to the preplanned program visited the comprehensive centers of rural health in Gorgan, Golestan, Iran. At the end of the semester, students were asked to write their reflection on the outcomes of education in the field. The conventional qualitative content analysis was performed with the aim of extracting the experiences and views of students from the examination and management of oral mucosal lesions in the field. Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 72 initial code concepts, the two main categories of "obtaining clinical experiences, gaining non-clinical experiences" and four sub-categories including "improving clinical skills, enhancing emotional / attitudinal skills, improving the skills of individual communication, and understanding the importance of organizational interaction” . Conclusion: The education in the field, along with traditional teaching methods can significantly increase students' learning ability and thus provide better quality services and promote community oral and dental health.

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Author(s): 

معصومی رسول

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    256-258
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    272
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

مقاله ای تحت عنوان "جایگاه مطالعات آموزش پزشکی پژوهشگران ایرانی در بین تحقیقات آموزشی نمایه شده در پایگاه علمی وب آو ساینس" در مجله ایرانی آموزش در علوم پزشکی/ تیر 1398؛ 19(12): 114 تا 123 منتشر شده است. ضمن تشکر از زحمات نویسندگان محترم، ضروری دانستم که به توضیح چند نکته بپردازم. وقتی کلیدواژه ای مخصوصاً یک کلیدواژه عام مثل Education را در Topic وب آو ساینس جستجو می کنیم، به طور هم ‍ زمان فیلدهای Title، Abstract، Author Keywords و Keywords Plus را جستجو می کند(1). بنابراین اکثر رکوردهای بازیابی شده، نامرتبط خواهند بود. برای مثال به مقالات زیر توجه کنید: • Facial injuries in Iranian veterans during the Iraq-Iran war (1980-88): differences from recent conflicts • Factors affecting bone mineral density in postmenopausal women • Factors Affecting Gender Differences in the Association between Health-Related Quality of Life and Metabolic Syndrome Components: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study • Prevalence and risk factors for pica during pregnancy in Tehran, Iran مقالات فوق به این دلیل بازیابی شده است که در چیکده آنها کلمه Education آمده است، در حالی که هیچ ربطی به Education ندارند. از آنجا که سطح Education یکی از متغیرهای زمینه ای اکثر پژوهش ها است، بنابراین چنین پژوهش هایی نیز بازیابی می شوند که کاملاً نامرتبط هستند. به همین دلیل است که از بین نویسندگان پر تولید، حتی یک نفر هم پژوهشگر شناخته شده در آموزش پزشکی نیست و در مورد مجلات نیز هیچ مجله مرتبط با آموزش پزشکی در لیست 10 مجله برتر نیست. این که چطور با جستجوی کلمه Education، مطالعات Medical Education بازیابی می شوند، دلیل قانع کننده ای ذکر نشده است. نویسندگان محترم، ظاهراً تفاوتی بین Education و Medical Education قائل نشده اند. در سراسر مقدمه مقاله، از آموزش پزشکی و پژوهش های مرتبط با آن سخن به میان آمده ولی وقتی به اهداف مطالعه می رسیم، دیگر حرفی از آموزش پزشکی زده نشده است و حوزه کلی آموزش مد نظر نویسندگان است. روش ها و نتایج کاملاً درباره آموزش است ولی مجدداً وقتی به بحث و نتیجه گیری می رسیم، بلافاصله ادبیات به آموزش پزشکی تغییر پیدا می کند. نکته دیگر عدم ذکر نمایه نامه های مورد جستجو است. Web of Science Core Collection شامل 6 نمایه نامه استنادی(2) زیر است: • Science Citation Index Expanded • Social Sciences Citation Index • Arts & Humanities Citation Index • Emerging Sources Citation Index • Book Citation Index • Conference Proceedings Citation Index دانشگاه ها بر اساس نیازشان، تعدادی از آنها را مشترک می شوند. بنابراین در هنگام گزارش جستجو باید اشاره کنیم که کدام نمایه نامه ها را مورد جستجو قرار دادیم. در غیر این صورت جستجوی صورت گرفته، تکرارپذیر نخواهد بود. دلیل اعمال محدودیت زمانی هم مشخص نشده است. چرا از سال 1990؟ چرا قبل تر یا چرا بعدتر نه؟ در علم سنجی انتظار می رود فقط به تحلیل های ایجاد شده توسط پایگاه استنادی اکتفا نکنیم. به غیر از شکل شماره 1 که توسط نرم افزار Vosviewer ترسیم شده است، بقیه داده های نتایج از قسمت Analyze Results وب آو ساینس که به صورت اتوماتیک ایجاد می شوند، برداشته شده است (جداول شماره 2، 3، 4 و 5). امید است این توضیحات در مطالعات بعدی مورد توجه پژوهشگران محترم قرار بگیرد.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    259-270
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    598
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Judgment on serious clinical situation, deciding to maintain the vitality of human in sophisticated problems, and thinking in difficult situations require critical thinking in the field of health. In the academic year 2017, this study examined the relationship between Critical Thinking Disposition and Clinical Reasoning in Medical Residents of Medical University of Isfahan (MUI). Methods: This cross-sectional study was a descriptive-analytic type. The statistical consisted of the assistants in Alzahra and Amin Hospitals of MUI. The sampling process was carried out in a census (total number), and 48 including 22 male (45. 8%) and 26 female (54. 2%) assistants participated in this study. The data were collected through SAMTAC questionnaires and DTI (Diagnostic Thinking Inventory) questionnaires. Finally, data were analyzed both descriptively and inferentially using Analysis of Variances. Results: From among the participants 89. 6% adopted positive attitude towards critical thinking and 10. 4% adopted ramshackle attitudes towards critical thinking. The average score of clinical reasoning was 105. 13 from among 150 scores. From inferential point of view, there were no significant relationship between critical thinking and clinical reasoning skill (p = 0. 198). However, as to subscales a significant relationship was disclosed. Conclusion: Using critical thinking subscales, the quality of assistant exam selection can be enhanced, and the importance of these two issues in clinical decision-making and the promotion of clinical skills requires more attention in the field of health. This way, to upgrade training programs of assistants making changes and inclusion of activities seem to be indispensable.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

NAJAFI HOSSEIN

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    271-281
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    717
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Blended learning as a combination of traditional and electronic learning, aimed at optimizing the learning experience. The purpose of the study was to examine the status of the components of blended learning and emotional intelligence and their effect on academic performance in Payame Noor University. Methods: The population of this descriptive survey consisted of 3700 Payame Noor University faculty members, of whom 343 were selected using stratified random sampling and Krejcie and Morgan’ s Table. Three questionnaires were used to measure blended learning, emotional intelligence, and academic achievement respectively. Discriminant validity was used to examine the status of the components, to examine. As for the relationships correlation test was used and for the path analysis was used for modeling. Results: The results showed that the status of the components of blended learning, emotional intelligence, and academic performance in Payame Noor University was favorable. Among the components of blended learning, the strongest correlations were observed between learning style and methodology, methodology and pedagogy, technology and pedagogy, and learning style and pedagogy, with the exception of learning style and strategy with lowest effect. Pedagogy, methodology, and technology had the highest effect and strategy had the lowest effect on academic achievement. As for the components of emotional intelligence, the strongest correlations were observed between self-management and self-awareness, social skill and self-management, and social skill and self-awareness. Findings revealed that there is direct and positive relationship between blended learning and emotional intelligence; however, there is an indirect relationship between blended learning and emotional intelligence. Conclusion: with the need analysis, designing, conducting, and evaluating quintuple benchmarks of the blended learning and quadripartite features of emotional intelligence are analyzed, designed, it is possible to exert outstanding effects on progress and performance.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    282-292
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    552
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Considering the goals of development packages and innovations in medical education, it seems indispensable to develop an appropriate costing system to inform the cost of education. The purpose of this study was to calculate the final cost of the educational services in the School of Management and Information Sciences through activity-based costing method. Methods: In this study, all college expenses were classified in the academic years 2014-2015 based on the breakdown of the cost of the chapters and clustered into three groups of educational, administrative, financial and supportive activities. Finally, the cost of each student was calculated based on the number of students, the level and field of study using the Stata software version 14 and as well as using analytical statistical methods and by activity-based costing method. Results: The results show that the highest cost was related to the costs of the first chapter (i. e., personnel costs) and the cost of training the student in the two conventional and activity-based costing methods was completely different. In fact, in the conventional method, the education cost of one student was 159, 469, 350 Rials, which included all three levels of education, while in the activity-based costing approach, and due to the decline in activities, the cost of a student was calculated 768, 445, 395 Rials only for Ph. D. level. Conclusion: The findings showed that the activity-based costing can be done based on the cost chapters and the calculation of all activities which in turn appeared effective in the calculation of the cost of training the students and can be applied to decisions of the health system policy makers to allocate the budget and share resources.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    293-304
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    427
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Using the historical discourse analysis is an approach to discover general insights of thinkers of a field of study. The studies resulted from the perspectives of the critical social sciences allow scholars to explore unspoken and hidden ideas of the educational methods and tools. The aim of this study was to critically analyze the discourse of the Iranian Journal of Medical Education in the first 18 years of its publication. Methods: In this study, critical discourse analysis was performed using Foucault's approach. All “ letters to the editor” were analyzed in respect of language usage as a cultural mediator in power relations, considerations in social interactions, institutions and the body of knowledge. Results: The investigations showed that there are two main approaches in the part of “ Letter to the editor” : A demand for “ the standardization of research” and “ the standardization of education” . In a deeper layer, it seems that there is a dispute between “ medical education as a field” and “ medical education as a discipline” . Conclusion: The two main threats to the field of medical education are to restrict it to the discipline of medical education as a mono-discipline and to bureaucratize it in the form of directives and guidelines of the macropolicymaking institutions. In order to maintain the richness of the field of medical education, the diversity and range of involved disciplines must be maintained and reinforced. Establishing a balance between service and research, establishing institutions carrying out research in the form of policy packages, and attempting to establish a relationship between medical education policymakers, researchers in the field and those involved directly in training students will help to grow and develop the field of medical education.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    305-315
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    501
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Pedagogical Accreditation of educational institutes and Hospitals is an approach to ensure and promote the quality of education in Medical Universities. Forthe purpose of establishment in the universities, however, there are prerequisites that needs to be met before implementation. The purpose of this study was to determine the pathology of Guilan University of Medical Sciences preparedness to establish Institutional accreditation in educational Institutes and Hospitals. Methods: Using qualitative approach and content analysis method this study was conducted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 employees of Guilan University of Medical Sciences who were involved in the implementation of institution's accreditation. Similarly, purposeful sampling was useand continued until theoretical saturation. To analyze the data qualitative content analysis was used. Validity and reliability of data were confirmed and computed through Lincoln and Guba's reliability criteria. Results: Based on the interviews, two main components ofcultural background of the university with four subcomponents (i. e., organizational culture & atmosphere, individual culture of staffs, current attitude & motivation), and university structure with two subcomponents (i. e., organizational structure & resource allocation management) was identifiedas awkward pointsofthe university's readiness for establishing of educational accreditation of educational institutes and hospitals. Conclusion: By improving the culture and atmosphere of the organization, individual culture of the employees, current attitude and motivating the staff, as well as designing the organizational structure for the institution's accreditation and allocation of appropriate resources in the university it is possible to make preparations for establishing accreditation of educational institutions and hospitals and finally, guaranteeing and promoting the quality of education in the universities.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    316-324
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    379
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: In medical science, narratives are vital. Always stories about patients, their care experiences, and the improvement of the diseases are expressed among physicians and other health care teams. These narratives, in addition to being effective in the evolution of thought, are also considered as an active teaching method. This study was conducted with the aim of introducing narrative medicine as an approach to medical education. Methods: This study was conducted by narrative reviewing and searching the electronic texts and articles in the databases, Science Direct, ProQuest, PubMed, ISI Web of Science and the Google Scholar search engine, and the keywords of narrative-based medicine, narrative medicine, narration, teaching and medical education, and equivalents in Persian, since 1980. After removing repetitive articles, and considering the direct link of the articles to the study objectives, only abstracts of the articles that were available in full text were reviewed. Results: Of the papers included in the study, 32 articles were submitted to the final review, 5 of which were Persian, and the rest were English. Discussions related to the narrative medicine approach in medical education were extracted and the results of this study were presented as four general themes including the concept, applications, implications, and limitations of using a narrative approach. Conclusion: It is necessary to consider a special education position with a change in cultural attitudes and practices, and medical students should become familiar with the practical application of narratives from the beginning of their studies in order to learn humanism, professionalism, medical ethics, Diagnostic skills, clinical reasoning and patient-centered care, and apply it practically. Therefore, proper education and inclusion in the formal curriculum are recommended with regard to the educational and cultural background and the use of a narrative approach along with medical evidence and facts.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    325-336
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    390
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Evaluation of professors by college students, in addition to describing their functional status, with expressing each strength and drawback could influence their educational performance. The drawbacks in the current assessment method clearly shows the necessity for applying fairer methods. This study aimed to present a new software-based index for assessing university professors and follows with the help of Multicriteria Decision models. Methods: In this research a quantitative index was developed based on soft computing in which mathematical modeling process was pursued. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process), Fuzzy OWA (Ordered Weighting Average), and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) comprised the computing engines that have been embedded in a user-friendly software. The extended index was defined in the range of zero to 100 and its performance was examined through an applied study on 39 faculty members of Larestan University of Medical Science. Results: From the viewpoint of Decision-makers the criteria “ The power of influence of the tutor in teaching the key points” and “ engagement with students fitting with academic environment” received the most and the least importance, respectively. The least important criterion with the consensus degree of 95. 41 and the criterion “ Presence of the teacher in the given time in class” with the consensus degree of 83. 34 showed the closest and the furthest agreement from the stakeholders. According to computed index, merely 2. 8 percent of faculty members got values under the average boundary of 50. Conclusion: The proposed index provides an integrated and accurate evaluation of faculty members’ performance by exerting uncertainties which are so present in educational assessments. The methodology could be introduced to Iranian medical universities as a whole in order to improve the educational assessment systems and change them for better.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    337-346
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    422
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The Program of development and innovation in medical education, is the mainstream of policymaking. This study was conducted to evaluate the innovation program from policy-making standpoint. Methods: The study was conducted in a mixed method. In the qualitative section, after library studies and interviews with experts, the research tool was designed. The statistical population consisted of national program experts and purposeful sampling. Questionnaire consisting of 14 items was designed using Likert scale, with a score of 1 to 5, was used after confirming face validity, content validity and reliability with Cronbach's alpha test of 0. 91. Evaluation of program suitability was done in three ways: undesirable (2. 33 to 3. 33), relatively favorable (2. 34 to 3. 66) and desirable (3. 67 to 5). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and analysis of variance. Results: Paying attention to improving the quality of higher education "and" free of ambiguity and intelligibility of program "had the highest and lowest scores, with a score of 4± 0. 85 and 2. 45± 1. 40, respectively. The evaluation of the program's desirability in terms of compliance with the policy-making clauses in 8 items was relatively favorable and in 6 categories was desirable and none was undesirable. Policy Program scores by gender, work experience, academic rank, age and place of work were not significantly different Conclusion: Policy of development and innovation programs has a relative to complete desirability. In view of the more complex, difficult and specialized continuation of the atmosphere of innovation in this era and variety of actors in this field, In order to avoid possible damage of this massive development program, continuous monitoring of the realization of the policy based on mission orientation approach is emphasized.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    347-358
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    755
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The presence of motivated faculty members in universitiesof medical plays a vital role in education and community health education. So far, many studies have been done to identify the factors affecting employees' motivation in different ways, but considering the lack of reasonable basis for studying the motivational factors amongfaculty members, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the job motivation of faculty members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 21 qualified faculty members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences who were selected through purposeful sampling. To analyze the collected data, the Content Analysis method was used through MAXQDA software version 10. Results: After analyzing the data, 26 sub-themes were obtained and after categorizing, 8 main themeswere reached, that is, evaluation classes, development and success, encouragement and creativity, evaluation, justice, management, financial and welfare problems, and interactions. Conclusion: This study showed that universities of Iran, especially the universities of medical sciences faced serious challenges in motivation of faculty members; thus, challenges need to be tackled in order to improve faculty members' motivation.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    359-370
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    491
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Defining the factors influencing the students’ academic failure and timely identification of highrisk students, one can prevent the loss of money and manpower. The purpose of this study was to explore the educational and psychological characteristics of students as predictors of students’ academic failure in Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted on 73 failed and 73 non-failed students in the academic year 1396. To collect data, seven questionnaires including Kolb's learning styles, Rosenberg self-esteem, academic burnout, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, spiritual well-being and academic stresses were used. These standard questionnaires had a good validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using synchronous and step-by-step manner, and in the accreditation section, using Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factors analysis. Results: The mean and standard deviation of failed and unfailed students' age was 22. 11± 3. 03 and 21. 67± 3. 32 years, respectively. 33 (45. 2%) of the failed students were female and 69 (94. 5%) were single. Educational variables were the average grade of the diploma and the quota of the exam and the psychological variables of educational conditions, religious health and converging learning style in predicting group membership had a role, and none of the other variables had any role in predicting group membership in a step-by-step approach. Conclusion: Regarding the role of some variables as the main factors influencing the students’ academic failure, it seems indispensable to prevent students' academic failure by identifying students at risk and adopting supportive approaches to their vulnerability.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    371-381
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    497
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Despite the development of technology and the importance of its comprehensive development in the higher education system, research has shown that many higher education centers have not technologically developed and there are some obstacles in this path. the aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory factors of using e-learning from the students’ point of view as the recipients of education in Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was performed on all the students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2016-2017 academic years. The participants (n=423) were selected through stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was used after confirming its reliability and validity. The descriptive statistics tests were used for explaining and describing test properties, and the collected data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis test. Results: In general, the 10 factors (organizational, budgetary, managerial, legal/administrative, strategic, pedagogical, technical, executive, cultural and individual) explained about 50. 33 percent of the total variance. The organizational factor had the highest proportion in explaining the variance (6. 234 percent) and the individual factor had the smallest proportion (2. 553 percent). Conclusion: The organizational obstacle was the most important inhibitory factor of using e-learning from the viewpoint of the students in Urmia University of Medical Sciences which can be resolved by disambiguation of e-learning and the value of its degree as well as training the specialists.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    382-384
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    503
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

اتاق عمل یکی از محیط های پرخطر برای بیماران است که آموزش بالینی در آن اهمیت به سزایی دارد. بعضی از مشکلاتی که بعد از عمل ممکن است برای بیماران روی دهد به دلیل کم تجربگی پرسنل اتاق عمل است گرچه تعداد این موارد زیاد نیست ولی ممکن است مرگ بیماران را درپی داشته باشد(1). این در حالی است که مطالعات نشان می دهد فارغ التحصیلان فاقد مهارت مورد نیاز برای انجام کارهای بالینی هستند(2). با توجه به تحولات روزمره و گسترده در محیط بالینی، روش های سنتی آموزش دیگر کارآمد نیست، به همین دلیل نیاز به تحول در برنامه ریزی های آموزشی احساس می شود(3). منتورینگ (Mentoring) به عنوان یک استراتژی نقش مهمی در توسعه حرفه ای دانشجویان رشته های علوم پزشکی دارد. منتورینگ تعامل دو طرفه ای است که به یادگیری و رشد منجر می شود(4). یکی از تعاریفی که به طور رایج در متون پذیرفته شده در مورد منتورینگ وجود دارد عبارت است از: فرایندی که طی آن یک فرد با تجربه، قابل اعتماد و علاقه مند (منتور) فرددیگری را (منتی) در زمینه رشد و بازنگری ایده ها، یادگیری و پیشرفت شخصی و حرفه ای راهنمایی می کند. منتورینگ از سال های1990، به تدریج درآموزش پزشکی مطرح شد(5) و مطالعات نشان می دهند اجرای برنامه های منتورینگ، باعث پیشرفت دانشکده های علوم پزشکی درجنبه های مختلف می شود(6). هیلی (Healy) و همکاران علت موفقیت برنامه منتورینگ را ارتباط قوی بین منتور و یاد گیرنده بیان کرده است(7) منتور یک محیط ایمن و حمایتی را برای نوآموزان به وجود می آورد که نوآموزان وظایف خود را در محیط واقعی تجربه کنند و با این کار شکاف بین تئوری و عمل به حداقل برسد(8). در کارورزی به شیوه منتورشیپ منتور کار یادگیرنده را انجام نمی دهد بلکه او را سرپرستی کرده و در مواقع لازم به او کمک می کند(9). طرح منتورشیپ باعث افزایش کیفیت مراقبت و کاهش هزینه برای مؤسسات است(4). همچنین این طرح باعث افزایش صلاحیت بالینی و مسؤولیت پذیری در دانشجویان می شود(10). از آنجا که منتورشیپ یک ارتباط دو جانبه سودمند بین منتی و منتوراست، بنابراین نیاز واقعی و جدی به برنامه های منتورینگ کارآمد و فعال دردانشکده های علوم پزشکی جهت ارتقای موفقیت های شغلی دانشجو احساس می شود. با وجود اهمیت بحث منتورشیپ درآموزش علوم پزشکی و مزایای فراوان آن، در کشور ایران تحقیقات محدودی در زمینه تأثیر ارتباط منتورینگ بر دانشجویان اتاق عمل انجام شده است وبیشتر مقالات در زمینه رشته پرستاری است. به همین دلیل و با توجه به کمبود اساتید و مربیان متخصص در رشته اتاق عمل، آموزش بالینی دانشجویان این رشته با مشکلات زیادی روبرواست. لذا این مطالعه با هدف تعیین میزان رضایت مندی دانشجویان رشته تکنولوژی اتاق عمل از روش منتورینگ در دانشکده پیراپزشکی بیرجند انجام شد.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    385-393
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    459
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Determination of learners' education satisfaction is one of the most significant criteria for assessing the performance of health educational systems. The study was conducted to evaluate the medical students' satisfaction from clinical informationist educational program. Methods: To conduct this study a quasi-experimental posttest design was embraced. The sample was included 30 medical students that were selected by the Convenience time based sequential sampling method. Educational intervention of clinical informationist was done for 10 days. The Clinical Informationist along with the medical student participated in the clinical round, noted the clinical questions and teaching how to search for questions. After clinical round, the Clinical Informationist held a workshop about databases every day. Data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by the descriptive statistics and using Excel 2016 software. Results: The average score of medical students' satisfaction was 4. 34(± 0/551) for content of program, 4. 32(± 0/659) for educator, 3. 85(± 0/470) for educational methods and 3. 64(± 0/872) for educational facilities. The interest of medical students was 50% very high, 40% high and 10% moderate in tendency for implementing and continuing of the educational program. Conclusion: The overall medical students' satisfaction has been increased in terms of content, educator, method and facilities in the clinical informationist educational program.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    394-402
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    349
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The evaluation of psychometric indicators in order to evaluate the quality of academic achievement exams is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the results of the written exams and internal evaluations among the emergency medicine residents in terms of the construct validity and also their ability in predicting resident’ s academic success. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study all the emergency medicine residents of Tehran University of Medical Sciences who could enter the emergency medicine residency program within 2009 to 2014 and had participated in the pre-board exam till 2017, were selected through the census method (n=199). The certification exam score was considered as the main variable; then, correlation of written and internal evaluations results were compared with it. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the correlation between the scores. Results: Finally, the evaluation results of 125 residents were analyzed. The correlation between first and second internal evaluation scores, first and second written scores with the certification exam scores were (p=0. 006, r=0. 3), (p=0. 014, r=0. 2), (p=0. 202, r=0. 1) and (p=0. 000, r=0. 3), respectively. The mean scores of the first, second and third year residents in written exams were 77. 92± 12. 57, 91. 33± 8. 05, 123. 13± 8. 52 out of 150 in 2014; the mean of these scores were 67. 44± 8. 52, 73. 17± 23. 41, 121. 52± 6. 38 in 2015 and 68. 71± 28. 04, 88. 24± 14. 34 and 118. 15± 7. 73 in 2016, respectively Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in-training evaluations of the emergency medicine residents had acceptable predictive validity in predicting academic success of residents. Also, the ability of the written exams in discriminating between residents of different grades demonstrated the construct validity of these exams.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    403-409
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    550
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Outpatient medical education is one of the important parts of clinical training in medical education which has been given particular attention today due to its deep relationship with the future of the physician's occupation. Lack of proper tools and standards for assessing the status of outpatient education is one of the obstacles to conducting ambulatory education assessment studies. Therefore, this study was aimed at developing instruments for assessing outpatient training of medical students during externship and internship in Clinics Affiliated to the Medical Sciences Universities. Methods: This developmental and psychometric study was conducted to develop an outpatient education assessment instrument in educational clinics. The sources used were included reputable medical education reference books, general medical education curriculum and previous studies. For standardization and calculation of reliability and validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and survey of specialists were used respectively. We used SPSS tools for data processing, and Pearson correlation index for inferential analysis. Results: The developed instruments included two educational status assessment questionnaires from the viewpoint of students (reliability 89%, validity 85%) and faculty members (reliability 90%, validity 85%), a patient satisfaction assessment questionnaire (reliability 90%, validity 80%), and an observational checklist for assessment of educational clinics (reliability 95%, validity 82%). Conclusion: The developed instruments in this study compared with the instruments used in previous studies simultaneously evaluates the status of outpatient education from the viewpoint of all the three involved exposures, including tutor, learner, and patient; which is the important positive point. The evaluation of educational clinics of medical universities in the future with the developed instruments in this study while providing a clear image of the status, can provide comparable information between educational centers.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    410-423
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    516
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Knowledge transfer is at the heart of knowledge management processes, which has been the focus of research today. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and validate factors affecting knowledge transfer and sharing among professors in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This is a descriptive survey of the quantitative part of a mixed study. The tool of this research is a questionnaire designed using qualitative section findings and was implemented in a stratified sample of 162 members of 1577 faculty members of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data were analyzed by path analysis using Lisrel. Results: The questionnaire with a reliability of 0. 97 and confirmatory factor analysis of GFI = 0. 90 and RMSEA = 0. 07 indicated the optimal fit of knowledge transfer model. Among the nine components of this model, the status of four components including knowledge and professors in Tehran University of Medical Sciences was desirable; although, the other five components, including the university and its relationship with professors and the environment for transferring knowledge to the university, were not been favorable. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in the process of knowledge transfer, the important points raised by university managers in the factor of university as an organization and its type of interaction with professors, knowledge and environment. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the promotion rules of the faculty in such a way as to encourage knowledge sharing among the professors. The design of a grants system in relation to industry and society should be developed to direct educational and research work in the universities to prevent the difusion of scientific work. It seems also important that colleges' academic trajectories complement each other to achieve the university's academic goals.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    424-432
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1001
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Attention to effective factors for educational advancement is one of the most important goals in planning educational systems. This study attempted to evaluate the Self-regulated Learning Strategies and Spiritual Intelligence in academic achievement among the students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences Methods: In a descriptive, correlational study during the academic years of 2013-2014, 198 dental students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected by random sampling method. Sample size was 214 people were selected randomly using Cochran formula. The measurement tools were Standard Questionnaire included King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire and motivated strategies for learning. Data analysis was done using SPSS and at two descriptive and inferential levels. Results: The results showed that the direct effect of spiritual intelligence variable on academic achievement was not significant, but indirect effects of Spiritual Intelligence with the role of mediator of Self-regulated Learning Strategies on the academic achievement were positive and significant. Sobel's Mediation Test showed the indirect significant effects of Critical Existential Thinking (2. 09), Transcendental Awareness (2. 18), Conscious State Expansion (2. 30) variables on academic achievement through the mediating variable of selfregulation learning strategies. Data were analyzed both descriptively and inferentially through and Structural equation modeling was used at the inferential level Conclusion: In order to enhance students' academic achievement, attention should be paid to self-regulated Learning Strategies and spiritual intelligence.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    433-441
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    622
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Self-confidence and self-efficacy are two important factors for improving the clinical competence of paramedical students. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of presenting surgical case report on self-confidence and clinical self-efficacy of operating room students. Methods: This is a semi-experimental study of two-group, which was conducted on 60 operating room students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Students were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups using easy sampling method. In the experimental group, case-report peresentation was performed on the day of surgery and presented daily during the course of the training. Pre-test and post-test were performed by clinical self-efficacy and self-confidence questionnaires in two groups before and after the intervention. Statistical tests were t-test, paired t test, chi-square test and Mann– Whitney. Results: The mean of self-efficacy and self-confidence before intervention was not significantly different between the two groups (P>0. 05). mean and standard deviation of self-efficacy after intervention in the experimental group were (42. 18± 8. 27) that was significantly higher than control group (34. 31± 18. 90) (P<0. 05) (t=2. 09). Also, the mean and standard deviation of self-esteem after intervention in the experimental group were (20. 53± 5. 27) that was significantly higher than control group (15. 30± 8. 70) (P<0. 05) (t=2. 82). Conclusion: The results indicate that reporting the surgical procedures and presenting them during the internship period has improved clinical self-efficacy and confidence of operating room students. Accordingly, applying educational aids can improve clinical performance.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    442-443
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    412
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

در دوره تحصیلی دندانپزشکی عمومی، واحدهای تئوری و عملی متعددی مشخص شده است که دانشجویان باید موفق به گذراندن این واحدها در مدت زمان مشخص شوند. ارزشیابی، یک بخش مهم در آموزش پزشکی است که پیشرفت دانشجو را در ارتباط با هدف های از پیش تعیین شده بررسی می کند. برخی از روش های ارزشیابی بر اساس اطلاعات پایه دانشجو و به صورت کتبی و شفاهی هستند و برخی بر اساس مهارت های دانشجو طراحی می شوند(1و2). با توجه به روش برگزاری واحدهای تئوری و شیوه برگزاری آزمون های مربوط به آنها، تقسیم نمره مشخص و در چارچوب است، اما در واحدهای عملی، روش نمره دهی معمولاً چارچوب مشخصی نداشته و گاهی به صورت ناعادلانه نمره دهی انجام و منجر به اعتراض دانشجویان می شود. برای کاهش این بی عدالتی، روش های مختلف برای برگزاری کلاس های عملی و اختصاص نمره به امور مشخص در کوریکولوم وجود دارد. از این روش ها می توان به OSCE (objective structural clinical examination )، (Direct Observation of Procedural Skills) DOPS و Mini-CEX (Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise) اشاره کرد(3و4). نتایج یک مرور نظام مند حاکی از تأیید و اهمیت آزمون Mini-CEX و تأثیر این روش در بهبود وضعیت درسی بوده است(1). در مطالعه ای که بر روی دانشجویان پزشکی انجام شد دانشجویان در دو آزمون Mini-CEX شرکت کردند و در طول دوره بیمارستانی پیشرفت معناداری در بین کارورزان بخش اورژانس مشاهده شد(6). گروه بیماری های دهان، فک و صورت دانشکده دندانپزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، برای اولین بار از Mini-CEX برای ارزشیابی عملکرد دانشجویان استفاده می کند. این گروه، اولین بخشی است که بیمار به آن مراجعه می کند و دانشجویان به ثبت تاریخچه پزشکی و دندانپزشکی، معاینه بیمار، غربالگری و تکمیل پرونده می پردازند. در گذشته لاگ بوک تنها ابزار ثبت تکالیف و ارزشیابی دانشجویان بود، اما در حال حاضر به مدت چهار ترم است که روش Mini-CEX اجرا می شود. در هر ترم 26 تا30 دانشجو واحد مربوط را گذرانده اند. هر آزمون گر بر عملکرد یک دانشجو نظارت می کند که این عملکردها شامل هدایت بیمار، برخورد با بیمار، گرفتن تاریخچه پزشکی، اصول کنترل عفونت، معاینه داخل دهانی و خارج دهانی، طرح درمان و تجویز گرافی های مورد نیاز هستند و سپس در چک لیستی که بر اساس کوریکولوم تنظیم شده، به هر عملکرد دانشجو از 0-9 نمره می دهد و مجموع نمره در آن جلسه ثبت می شود. در انتهای چک لیست ایرادات دانشجو نوشته شده و آخر هر جلسه برای او بازگو می شود تا نقاط ضعف و دلایل کاهش نمره مشخص شود و دانشجو به مرور عملکرد خود را ارتقا بخشد. در طول ترم تحصیلی هر دانشجو باید 2 تا 4 جلسه را با یک آزمون گر بگذراند(3و5). در آخرین قسمت چک لیست، نظر سنجی از دانشجو و اساتید درباره رضایت مندی از روش برگزاری کلاس عملی وجود دارد که در بررسی ها مشخص شد اکثر دانشجویان این روش را به روش های معمول گذراندن واحدهای عملی که در سایر بخش ها اجرا می شود، ترجیح می دهند و اعتقاد دارند تقسیم نمره به صورت عادلانه و کاملاً مستند انجام می شود و امکان نارضایتی هم کم می شود. در عین حال در هر جلسه با ایرادهای کار مواجه می گردند و در جلسات بعد سعی در تقویت نقاط ضعف خود خواهند داشت. نکته قابل توجه این روش این است که اختصاص نمره به دانشجو با یک جلسه امتحان پایان ترم صورت نمی گیرد، بلکه در طول ترم دانشجو نمره را کسب می کند و با توجه به میزان تلاش او، احتمالاً هر بار نسبت به جلسه قبل نمره بهتری را به دست می آورد. در میان دانشجویان تعداد کمی این روش را نپسندیدند و دلیل آنها طولانی شدن زمان معاینه و ایجاد اضطراب به دلیل نظارت مستقیم آزمون گر بود. با توجه به مزایای این روش پیشنهاد می شود مطالعات بیش تری در این زمینه انجام شود.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    444-454
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    579
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Student quota is one the university admission criteria in the medical schools of Iran. In recent years a separate quota named deprived regions quota is allocated to participants who live in deprived regions such as Hormozgan province. This study aimed to compare the educational status of this quota with other students at Banadr Abbas medical school. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, all students’ data, entering Bandar Abass medical school during 8 years (2008 to 2015), namely, n=754, including educational and demographic characteristics collected through Student Recording System and personal files and analyzed using SPSS 19. Results: The evaluation of educational state of deprived regions quota students showed that the mean score of diploma (P<0. 01), first semester(P<0. 0001), basic science and physiopathology courses, comprehensive examination of basic sciences were lower than other quoata. They had the lowest graduation and the highest dropout rate (P<0. 0001). There was a significant difference in the student grades marital status. Conclusion: Considering policies to increase the number of empowered Physicians in deprived regions and the observed higher academic failure among deprived regions quota students, the educational authorities should make appropriate plans and strategies in order to improve their academic achievements.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    455-461
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    526
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The first step in educational planning is identifying and prioritizing educational needs so that if this is done correctly, it will be easier and more effective to implement educational development processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the faculty members’ academic and educational abilities from their point of view in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. The statistical population included all the faculty members of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. 205 faculty members were selected by stratified random sampling. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. After confirming its validity and reliability, the faculty members expressed their views on academic and educational abilities in four domains based on a 5-point Likert scale of 1 to 5. Data were analyzed using one-sample t-test and Friedman ANOVA. Results: According to the faculty members’ point of view, the priorities of academic and educational abilities were the skill of curriculum design (mean score = 4. 10 ± 3), teaching and learning skill (mean score = 4. 24 ± 2), educational evaluation skill (mean score = 4. 31 ± 2) and counseling and communication skill (mean score = 4. 53 ± 2), respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that curriculum design needs to be considered as a top priority for academic and educational abilities of faculty members, and special training courses should be provided to familiarize faculty members with the elements and components of curriculum design in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    462-471
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    854
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: With the advent of social networks, their use has become an integral part of the lives of many students and is in some way intertwined to their personal life. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of virtual social networks on trust in interpersonal relationships and academic procrastination of students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design conducted at Behbahan paramedical faculty in 1997-98. The sample consisted of 167 Operating Room Students who were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups, 81 and 82, respectively. Data were collected using the Solomon & Rothbloo Academic Delay Questionnaire, Interpersonal Reliability Questionnaire, and Virtual Social Networking Questionnaire. Results: After controlling for the pre-test effects of academic procrastination with p<0. 01, F=91/71, there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups and considering the effect of using virtual networks 36% of the variance predicted academic procrastination. Also, there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups regarding the trust variable in interpersonal relationships after controlling for pre-test effects, F=80/13, p<0. 01. The variance predicted interpersonal trust. Conclusion: The results showed that using virtual social networks in teaching and training has been useful in reducing academic procrastination and it also improves their interpersonal trust. Therefore, it is recommended to tap into virtual social networks in education.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    472-482
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    991
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: It is possible to formulate and execute programs, to achieve ideals and goal using evaluation. In reality, evaluation of a self-care education program can determine the degree of adaptation of the program and identify effective factors in improving the program. The aim of this study was to investigate the evaluation of the self-cared educational program of diabetes type II based on the CIPP(Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model in the city of Mobarakeh in 2018. Methods: This study is descriptive and program evaluation based on the CIPP evaluation model. Information was collected in a cross-sectional fashion. Eighty one males and females participated in this study by the census method included the head of health center in the city, an expert in controlling diseases, an expert in charge of non-capture diseases of the city, health care observers in centers and health bases. In order to collect information, CIPP evaluation information questionnaires developed by the researchers. The gathered data were analyzed both descriptively and inferentially using chi squre tests, independent t-tests and ANOVA tests. Data was finally analyzed by SPSS version 22 Results: The results of this study based on CIPP evaluation model showed that the average of evaluation scores were like these: In the domains of Context (4/32± 0/47), Input (3/87± 0/35) were significantly lower than the average, process (4/17± 0/34), and though the mean score of input (4/41± 0/40) was higher (p<0/05). The results revealed that the Mean Score based on CIPP evaluation model in three domains including context, process and output is desirable and input is semi-desirable. Conclusion: Based on the evaluation results, it is recommended to evaluate the program regularly and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the program.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    483-493
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    620
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Future research is an interdisciplinary study that can influence all sciences. Students are Future human resources for health systems; whose futures research ability can be improved through education over the years. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between future research ability and quality of learning experiences of medical students of Mashhad in 2018. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the research population was all students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 370 of whom were selected through two-stage stratified random sampling. Data collection tools included validity and reliability questionnaires of Parsa et al. 's future research ability and Neumann's quality of learning experiences. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, multiple regression and Spearman correlation tests. Results: Students' future research ability was slightly higher than average (138. 5± 24. 5) and Mean quality of learning experiences was moderate (34. 2± 7. 1). There was a direct and significant correlation between the dimensions of futuristic ability and the dimensions of the quality of learning experiences that the severity of this relationship was weak (p<0. 01, r>0). Conclusion: Given the weak relationship between students' futuristic skill and the quality of their learning experiences, there are likely to be stronger factors that can predict or enhance students' futuristic skill. Therefore, more studies are recommended to identify the factors affecting it in higher education as a human resources producer to achieve optimal development and future.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    494-505
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1033
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: The decision regarding internationalization in Iran higher education seems indispensable. This necessity is in line with the implementation of the objectives of Iran’ s 20-year vision plan that is, turning country into the supreme scientific power of the region. Therefore, the purpose of this study is developing an international model of higher education among the national North-Eastern Universities of Iran in 2018” . Methods: This study was a qualitative and quantitative study with an exploratory design which was conducted in 2018. As to the qualitative part, the sample included 18 members of the scientific experts at national universities who were selected by a purposeful method regarding the saturation rule. At the quantitative section, it included 302 experts who were selected using the random stratified sampling. The data collection instrument was semi-structured interview. As to the quantitive part, it was researcher-made questionnaire about the internationalization of higher education. To identify the components at the qualitative part, the content analysis method was used. Also, at the quantitative section, model analysis was done using the structural equations modeling. Results: The results of the exploratory analysis show that from among the 126 of the indicators, 8 main dimensions are identifiable. To be more specific, the opinions of the reliable professors of this field were asked; the identified dimensions were as follow: political strategies, academic strategies, communicative strategies, the establishment of the special organization, the political structure and relationships, interuniversity approaches, service-orienteers, and the flexible leadership. Later on, the model designation was done using Structural Equation Modeling. The t value for the internationalization of higher education dimensions in this research was estimated to be between 16. 33 to 24. 40 which was bigger than the given t value (1. 96). The political strategies (F1) had the highest t value, but the political structure and the relationships (F5) had the lowest t value. Conclusion: Regarding the findings, it could be concluded that, all the aforementioned dimensions have desirable and direct impact on the internationalization of higher education.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    506-517
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    475
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Today, social determinants of health are defined as one of the most important approaches in examining health differences among communities as well as within them. In this approach, Early Childhood Development has been a centeral theme in the comprehensive evolution of the child. This study endeavored to examine the content analysis of the Medical Sciences’ curriculum from the perspective of Early Childhood Development. Methods: In view of that, in this qualitative study through content analysis approach based on the pattern of the social factors affecting health, the content of the undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral degree programs in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences of were analyzed. After several stages of screening 27 medical sciences official curriculum were analyzed using MAXQDA. Results: The results of content analysis showed that in undergraduate and postgraduate, most of the topics related to Early Childhood Development were from Midwifery and Pediatric Nursing, respectively; that is to say courses containing the concept of Early Childhood Development were related to Bachelor of Midwifery, Bachelor of Public Health, and Master of Pediatric Nursing, respectively. Conclusion: Comparing three undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral degrees, most of the Early Childhood Developmental topics belong to undergraduate degree. The purpose of medical education is gaining knowledge, skills, and information necessary for care and promoting the health of the community, Medical students' didactic content needs to be socially oriented. In the course headings, the social determinants of health and in particular the topics related to the evolution of early childhood need to be highlighted.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    519-529
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    809
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Field of study and future profession has always been an important subject of education. The purpose of this study was identifying the attitude of public health students at Lorestan University of Medical Sciences toward field of study and future profession. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional. 78 students of public health from third to eighth semester in the academic year 2018 the population were selected by census method. The questionnaire used in this study is derived from the American University of Minnesota Attitude Questionnaire. It was developed in two sections (demographic characteristics & 17 questions about students̕ attitudes & perspectives toward field of study and future career). To analyze the data T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation were used. Results: The mean score± standard deviation of students’ attitude toward the field of study and future career was 27. 14± 5. 1 (theoretical mean score=27) and 22. 79± 5. 25 (theoretical mean score =24) respectively. There was a significant correlation between their attitude towards field of study and their attitude towards future career (r = 0. 472, P<0. 0001). Important factors that gave rise to a negative attitude towards the future professions were inconsistencies between the curriculum of Public Health program and needs of society, anxiety about future profession, inadequate salary and employment benefits. Main negative factors related to students' attitudes about field of study were the negative attitude of society and other disciplines towards this field of study Conclusion: Regarding the results, attitudes of student about their future career and field of study were negative (close to average). Reforming and strengthening educational program, improvement of students’ internship, student admission according to society needs and establishing desirable conditions for graduates’ employment in this field lead to increase students' positive attitudes towards their field of study and consequently improve their attitude towards their future professions.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1398
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    530-532
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    469
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

اصطلاح سواد سلامت به عنوان شاخص حیاتی و مهم در نتایج و هزینه های مراقبت های بهداشتی شناخته شده است(1). طبق تعریف مؤسسه پزشکی (IOM)، سواد سلامت درجه ظرفیت و توانایی فرد در کسب، پردازش و درک اطلاعات مربوط به سلامت و خدمات موردنیاز برای تصمیم گیری مناسب در مورد سلامت تعریف شده است(2). بر اساس گزارش مؤسسه پزشکی آمریکا، تقریباً هشتاد میلیون بزرگسال در آمریکا فاقد مهارت های به کارگیری اطلاعات بهداشتی درمانی هستند(3)، در ایران براساس مطالعه ی طاووسی و همکاران، حدود نیمی از جمعیت ایران دارای محدودیت سواد سلامت هستند و این محدودیت در گروه های آسیب پذیر، از جمله سالمندان، زنان خانه دار و افراد با سواد عمومی محدود، شایع تر است و آنان را در معرض خطر در مورد انحراف از سلامت قرار می دهد(4). سواد سلامت ناکافی با کاهش رفتارهای خود مراقبتی و کیفیت زندگی پایین تر(5) همراه است و عوارض متعددی از جمله عدم دسترسی به خدمات بهداشتی مناسب، تمایل کم تر به پیگیری درمان و افزایش میزان مرگ ومیر ایجاد کرده است(6و7). به علاوه سواد سلامت پایین در بیماران موجب افزایش نرخ بستری در بیمارستان و میزان استفاده از خدمات اورژانس می شود و در افزایش هزینه مراقبت های بهداشتی به میزان سالانه پنجاه تا 73 بیلیون دلار نقش دارد(1و8). اهمیت مبحث سواد سلامت با مطرح شدن در برنامه مردم سالم 2020 (Healthy People 2020) آشکار شده است. همچنین کمیسیون مشترک و سازمان بهداشت جهانی بر لزوم آموزش استانداردشده و بیمار محور، به افراد با سواد سلامت ناکافی تأکید کرده اند. مؤسسه پزشکی آمریکا نیز، آن را مبحثی ضروری برای تلفیق در برنامه تحصیلی کارشناسی پرستاری می داند(9و10). زیرا عدم آشنایی پرستاران با مفهوم سواد سلامت و آگاهی ضعیف آن ها در این زمینه می تواند به طور جدی بر نحوه عملکرد پرستاران جهت برقراری ارتباط با بیماران، کیفیت مراقبت، رضایت مندی، ایمنی بیماران و نیز بر نحوه ی ارائه آموزش به بیماران تأثیرگذار باشد چرا که اغلب بیماران با سطح سواد سلامت پایین، در تصمیم گیری های مشارکتی شرکت نمی کنند و در تعامل با کارکنان نظام سلامت با مشکلات متعددی مواجه هستند(11). اگرچه لزوم آموزش پزشکان و سایر ارائه دهندگان مراقبت های بهداشتی درمانی در زمینه ی آموزش به بیماران و ارتباط با آن ها در راستای ارائه خدمت با کیفیت اثبات شده است، اما استاندارد مشخصی در این زمینه وجود ندارد(1و2). در واقع آموزش درزمینه سواد سلامت بارها به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین اولویت های آموزشی برای ارائه دهندگان خدمات سلامت معرفی شده است(12) و اخیراً یکی از مهم ترین جنبه های برنامه عملیاتی ملی منتشرشده در آمریکا را به خود اختصاص داده است. به گزارش انجمن پزشکی آمریکا باید موضوع سواد سلامت به برنامه های آموزشی متخصصین سلامتی و ارائه دهندگان خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی اضافه شود و این افراد بایستی مهارت های لازم در زمینه ی موضوع سواد سلامت را فراگیرند(13). زیرا اگر پرستاران و دانشجویان پرستاری با مفهوم و راهبردهای سواد سلامت آشنا باشند و در حین آموزش به بیماران از این مهارت ها بهره گیرند، این امر سبب درک بهتر بیماران از اطلاعات ارائه شده به آن ها می شود در نتیجه تأثیر آموزش های ارائه شده به طور چشم گیری ارتقای خواهد یافت(1و14). اما با وجود این که به کارگیری راهبردهای سواد سلامت در آموزش به بیماران بسیار سودمند بوده و همچنین احتمال برخورد یک دانش آموخته پرستاری جدید با بیمارانی که سواد سلامت کمی دارند، زیاد است(15)، ولی متون پرستاری نشان می دهد که ارائه دهندگان خدمات سلامت، به خصوص پرستاران و دانشجویان پرستاری، آگاهی و مهارت لازم در زمینه ی سواد سلامت و رسیدگی به بیماران با سواد سلامت ناکافی را نداشته و روش های ارتباطی مؤثر را در زمان آموزش و برقراری ارتباط با این دسته از افراد به کار نمی گیرند(13و16)، زیرا در حال حاضر یک برنامه سیستماتیک برای تلفیق مبحث سواد سلامت و استراتژی های آموزش به بیماران با سواد سلامت پایین، و هیچ استاندارد کیفی برای طراحی و ساخت مطالب آموزشی بیمار یا مهارت آموزی پرستاران و کارکنان بهداشت و درمان، در سواد سلامت در برنامه درسی کارشناسی پرستاری وجود ندارد(17و18) و در منابع در مورد میزان و نحوه تدریس این موضوع جهت دانشجویان پرستاری خلأ وجود دارد. بر همین اساس محققین در پژوهش های مختلف عدم وجود آموزش های دانشگاهی در زمینه ی سواد سلامت برای کلیه ی ارائه دهندگان خدمات سلامتی و به خصوص پرستاران را، مهم ترین مانع در عدم توجه و به کارگیری راهبردهای سواد سلامت در عرصه عمل معرفی کرده و آن را موضوعی فراموش شده در دانشگاه ها و مراکز تعلیم متخصصین سلامتی می دانند(12و19). از طرفی تحقیقاتی که در حوزه آموزش سواد سلامت در برنامه های پرستاری انجام شده اند غالباً بر ارزشیابی دانش فردی سواد سلامت در میان گروه های دانشجویی تمرکز دارند، نه بر گنجاندن اطلاعات سواد سلامت در برنامه درسی آن ها بوده است(17). و از آنجا که بینش کافی از موضوع سواد سلامت و ابعاد مختلف آن، به پرستاران و دانشجویان پرستاری در انتخاب راهبردهای درست درمانی، آموزشی و حمایتی برای خدمت به بیماران کمک می کند(1) و با توجه به خلأ موجود، تلفیق مبحث سواد سلامت در برنامه درسی کارشناسی پرستاری به عنوان ضرورتی اجتناب ناپذیر احساس می شود.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    533-541
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    348
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Academic Success is one of the important problems facing the higher education stakeholders and it seems important to consider the factors that influence academic success. This study endeavored to investigate the socioeconomic status and mental well-being on the academic success of the students of AJA Medical University. Methods: This study is a descriptive Correlation. The population were students of AJA Medical University were studying in the academic years 2015-2016. The sample in this study was selected using stratified sampling random method from the population of 310 people. The data collection instrument was mental health and social-economic status questionnaire. Academic success was assessed based on the students' average scores. Data analysis was done through SPSS (Version 20) and Laser (Version 8. 8). Results: The results of path analysis indicated the direct effects of the sub-variables of mental well-being, respectively, psychological well-being 0/18, emotional well-being 0/22, and social well-being 0/18. The results of path analysis showed direct effects under the subjective well-being variables are 0. 46 psychological well-being, 0. 22 emotional well-being and 0. 18 social well-being, respectively. Subjective well-being with socio-economic status is 0. 45 Conclusion: The results of data path analysis indicated direct and significant effects of mental well-being and socioeconomic status on academic success among military students at AJA University of Medical Sciences. Therefore, it is recommended for the military medical university authorities to consider the students' mental well-being and socioeconomic status along with other factors affecting their academic success.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    542-553
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    435
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Academic burnout characterized by fatigue due to study requirements, pessimistic feelings, and attitudes toward subjects, poor academic achievement, decreased competence, and some depressive symptoms and can influenced by individual and contextual factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationships between perceptions of parents, basic psychological needs and academic burnout about students within the framework of self-determination theory. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, the population consisted of undergraduate students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2017-2018. From this population, 400 individuals selected by multistage random sampling. Data collected through Robbins`s perception of parents scale, Gagné ` s Basic Needs satisfaction General Scale, and Maslach` s Burnout Inventory-Student Survey. Descriptive indices and Structural Equation Modeling was used for data analysis. Descriptive indices and structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 25 and AMOS. 24. Results: The results showed that perceptions of maternal and paternal parenting due to their basic psychological needs had an indirect and significant effect on students' academic burnout (P≥ 0. 01). The structural model also had a good fit ( 2/df=2. 61; AGFI=0. 91; GFI=0. 95; CFI=0. 96; NFI=0. 93; TLI=0. 94; RMSEA=0. 06) and it can explain 54% of students' academic burnout variance. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it seems that providing a family-friendly environment with parental support, establishing warm and intimate relationships and having expectations appropriate to the abilities of the children, will help to satisfy their basic psychological needs and ultimately promote their academic adjustments.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    82
  • Pages: 

    554-564
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    595
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Introduction: Regarding the importance of ethics and specifically justice, the most basic concept in the realm of ethics, in designing curriculums and considering the importance of curricula in the development of the country, this study aimed to design novel scales to evaluate curricula in terms of ethics and justice. Methods: This developmental and psychometric study was performed in the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Tabriz in the year 2018. To develop the initial scales, initially, the related literature was reviewed to define ethics, justice and curriculum, and then the Scale items were presented. To confirm the face and content validity of the scales, qualitative methods as well as descriptive statistics were used. Moreover, the reliability of the scales was computed via Inter-rater reliability coefficient (Kappa) and internal consistency method (Cronbach's alpha coefficient). Results: Initially, the scales for the evaluation of ethics and justice were developed, each containing 25 and 39 items respectively. After quantitative and qualitative measurement of the face and content validity of the scales, the total number of the items in the scale of ethics increased to 28 items and that of justice declined to 32 items. The content validity of the whole scales based on S-CVI/Ave was 96. 34 and 89. 07 respectively. Moreover, the kappa coefficient of each scale was 0. 87 and 0. 81 and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0. 76 and 0/92 respectively. Conclusion: In this study, the scales for the evaluation of the curriculum in terms of ethics and justice were developed, which can examine curriculum in terms of applying the required principles of healthcare ethics. It is recommended to use pilot scales in other educational environments.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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